HSC English 1st Paper Guide – Page 3 – Exam Cares (2025)

Migration from Bangladesh to Britain started in 1930s and was predominantly a Sylheti phenomenon. Men of this particular geographical area employed by the British ship companies first started the process of migration. These men were largely illiterate and belonged to the landless peasantry. After the World War II, due to labor shortages, British government encouraged labor migration from its former colonies. The postwar British economy demanded cheap and plentiful labor, much of which was recruited from South Asia. Since Sylhet had already forged a strong link with the UK, most new labor was drawn from there. Sylhetis, based in the UK, helped each other to integrate into the new society by providing credit, arranging documents, and gradually spreading the network. During the 1950s, the numbers increased dramatically. However, along with people from poorer backgrounds, a small number of urban upper and middle class Bangladeshis also migrated even before the World War II for higher education and settled in the UK.

According to the 2001 census, 283,063 Bangladeshis lived in the UK, which is 0.5 percent of the total population. In Britain, they are primarily concentrated in Greater London and the third generation of Bangladeshi population, those ‘born and bred’ in Britain, constitute half of the community. The largest Bangladeshi population outside London is located in Oldham, and the others are scattered across Birmingham, Luton and Bradford. British Bangladeshis are predominantly Muslims. Studies reveal that the second and the third generation Bangladeshis seem to uphold their Muslim identity rather than their identity as Bangladeshis.

However, the absence of a strong tie does not mean that the Bangladeshi community is completely detached from their homeland. In the era of globalization and social networking, like other diaspora communities, British Bangladeshis are also linked to their countries of origin by phone, mail, Internet and television. By the virtue of technological advancement, communication of news is rapid and sustained, which gives migrant communities a sense of belonging to multiple homes. In particular, the first generation of migrants continues to regard Bangladesh as central to their identity.

[Unit-11; Lesson-4]

[Rajshahi Govt. City College- ’16; Cantonment Public School & College, Rangpur- ’16; Kurigram Govt. Women’s College- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

বসবাসের জন্য বাংলাদেশ থেকে ব্রিটেনে লোকজন যাওয়া শুরু হয়েছিল ১৯৩০ এর দশকে আর প্রধানত এটি ছিল সিলেটের একটি বিস্ময়কর ঘটনা। ব্রিটিশ জাহাজ কোম্পানি কর্তৃক নিয়োগপ্রাপ্ত এই বিশেষ ভৌগোলিক এলাকার লোকজন বসবাসের উদ্দেশ্যে বিদেশে পাড়ি জমানোর ধারা শুরু করেছিল। এই মানুষগুলোর অধিকাংশই ছিল নিরক্ষর আর ভূমিহীন কৃষক শ্রেণির অন্তর্গত। দ্বিতীয় বিশ্বযুদ্ধের পর শ্রমিক সংকট দেখা দেওয়ায় ব্রিটিশ সরকার তাদের সাবেক উপনিবেশগুলো হতে শ্রমিক অভিবাসনকে উৎসাহিত করেছিল। যুদ্ধ পরবর্তী ব্রিটিশ অর্থনীতিতে সস্তা ও অধিক শ্রমিক দরকার হয়েছিল যার অধিকাংশই দক্ষিণ এশিয়া থেকে নেওয়া হয়েছিল। যেহেতু সিলেট ইতোমধ্যেই ব্রিটেনের সাথে একটা নিবিড় সম্পর্ক গড়ে তুলেছিল, তাই অধিকাংশ শ্রমিক সেখান থেকেই নিয়োগ দেওয়া হয়েছিল। যুক্তরাজ্যে বসবাসরত সিলেটিরা ঋণ দান, কাগজপত্র যোগাড় করা ও নেটওয়ার্ক ছড়িয়ে দেয়ার মাধ্যমে একে অন্যকে সমাজে অঙ্গীভূত হতে সহায়তা করেছিল। ১৯৫০-এর দশকে এই সংখ্যা নাটকীয়ভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছিল। যা হোক, দরিদ্র মানুষের পাশাপাশি শহরের উচ্চবিত্ত ও মধ্যবিত্ত শ্রেণির লোকজন উচ্চশিক্ষা লাভের জন্য এমনকি দ্বিতীয় বিশ্বযুদ্ধের প্রাক্কালেই ব্রিটেনে স্থায়ীভাবে বসতি স্থাপন করেছিল।

২০০১ সালের আদমশুমারি অনুসারে, ব্রিটেনে বসবাসকারী বাংলাদেশি লোকের সংখ্যা ছিল ২৮৩,০৬৩ (দুই লক্ষ তিরাশি হাজার তেশট্টি) জন যা সে দেশের মোট জনসংখ্যার শতকরা ০.৫ ভাগ। ব্রিটেনে তারা প্রাথমিকভাবে বৃহত্তর লন্ডন শহরে বসবাস করে আর বাংলাদেশি জনসংখ্যার তৃতীয় প্রজন্ম যাদের ‘জন্ম ও ভরণপোষণ’ ব্রিটেনেই হয় তাদের সংখ্যা সম্প্রদায়ের মোট জনসংখ্যার প্রায় অর্ধেক। লন্ডনের বাইরে ওল্ডহাম শহরে সবচেয়ে বেশি বাংলাদেশি লোকজন বসবাস করে আর বাকি লোকজন বার্মিংহাম, লুটন ও ব্র্যাডফোর্ডে ছড়িয়ে ছিটিয়ে রয়েছে। বাংলাদেশি বংশোদ্ভূত ব্রিটিশ নাগরিকগণ প্রধানত মুসলিম। গবেষণায় দেখা যায় যে দ্বিতীয় ও তৃতীয় প্রজন্মের লোকজন নিজেদেরকে বাংলাদেশি পরিচয় দেওয়ার চেয়ে মুসলমান পরিচয় দিতে স্বাচ্ছন্দ্য বোধ করে।

যাহোক, নিবিড় বন্ধনের অনুপস্থিতি মানে এই নয় যে জন্মভূমি থেকে তারা সম্পূর্ণরূপে বিচ্ছিন্ন। বিশ্বায়ন ও সামাজিক যোগাযোগের এই যুগে, অন্যান্য অভিবাসী সম্প্রদায়ের ন্যায় ব্রিটিশ বাংলাদেশিরাও ফোন, মেইল, ইন্টারনেট ও টেলিভিশনের দ্বারা নিজেদের জন্মভূমির সাথে সম্পৃক্ত। প্রযুক্তির অগ্রগতির ফলে সংবাদ আদান-প্রদান দ্রুত ও নিরবচ্ছিন্ন হয় যা অভিবাসী সম্প্রদায়সমূহকে একাধিক দেশের নাগরিক হওয়ার ধারণা প্রদান করে। বিশেষ করে, প্রথম প্রজন্মের অভিবাসীরা বাংলাদেশকেই তাদের পরিচয়ের কেন্দ্র হিসেবে প্রাধান্য দিয়ে থাকে।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word ‘migration’?

(i) commission (ii) emigration (iii) permission (iv) mission

(b) What does the phrase ‘born and bred’ mean?

(i) having rich parents (ii) born to be a great composer

(iii) having good relation

(iv) born and having grown up in a particular place with particular background and education

(c) Bangladeshi population outside London is located mostly in —.

(i) Oldham (ii) Birmingham (iii) Lutan (iv) Bradford

(d) The word ‘diaspora’ refers to —.

(i) migration (ii) fashion (iii) submission (iv) vision

(e) “In particular, the first generation of migrants continues to regard Bangladesh as central to their identity.” What does the sentence refer?

(i) the name of Bangladesh (ii) proud identity of Bangladesh

(iii) living in Bangladesh (iv) separating from Bangladesh

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) The word ‘particular’ means —.

(i) choosy (ii) general (iii) casual (iv) unique

(g) These people are —.

(i) largely illiterate (ii) landless peasants

(iii) both (i) and (ii) (iv) literate but landless peasants

(h) The closest meaning of ‘shortage’ is —.

(i) abundance (ii) want (iii) failure (iv) inadequacy

(i) What did the post war British economy demand?

(i) cheap labour (ii) plentiful labour (iii) skilled labour (iv) cheap and plentiful labour

(j) The British recruited much of these labours from —.

(i) Asia (ii) South Asia (iii) Africa (iv) Australia

(k) ‘forged a strong link’ means —.

(i) maintained a strong connection (ii) forced to maintain a connection

(iii) kept a close connection (iv) established a close link

(l) The word ‘integrate’ refers to —.

(i) separate (ii) fuse (iii) join (iv) assimilate

(m) When did the number of Sylhetis increased dramatically in the UK?

(i) 1940s (ii) 1950s (iii) 1960s (iv) 1970s

(n) — migrated to the UK even before World War II.

(i) a small number of urban upper and middle class Bangladeshis

(ii) a large number of urban upper and middle class Bangladeshis

(iii) a large number of rural middle class Bangladeshi

(iv) a small number of unban lower and middle class Bangladeshi

(o) The synonym of the word ‘concentrated’ is —.

(i) diluted (ii) diffused (iii) settled (iv) assembled

(p) The word ‘primarily’ refers to —.

(i) mainly (ii) at first (iii) mostly (iv) chiefly

(q) Who were ‘born and bred’ in London?

(i) the first generation of Bangladeshi population

(ii) the second generation of Bangladeshi population

(iii) the third generation of Bangladeshi population (iv) all the above

(r) Who were the second generation of Bangladeshi population in the UK?

(i) those who had migrated there for higher education (ii) those who had migrated for settlement

(iii) those who had migrated for getting jobs

(iv) those who had migrated for higher education and later settled there

(s) According to the 2001 census, how many Bangladeshis lived in the UK?

(i) 283,063 (ii) 284,063 (iii) 283,033 (iv) 284,033

(t) The word ‘constitute’ means —.

(i) form (ii) comprise (iii) appoint (iv) depute

(u) British Bangladeshis are mainly —.

(i) Christians (ii) Hindus (iii) Muslims (iv) non muslims

(v) The phrase ‘in the era of’ means —.

(i) in the age of (ii) in the days (iii) in the period (iv) in the time of

(w) The closest meaning of ‘sustained’ is —.

(i) broken (ii) interrupted (iii) prolonged (iv) uphold

(x) Who regard Bangladesh as central to their identity?

(i) the third generation of Bangladeshi migrants (ii) the first generation of Bangladeshi migrants

(iii) the second generation of Bangladeshi migrants (iv) all the migrants from Bangladesh.

(y) ‘In particular’ means —.

(i) particularly (ii) casually (iii) generally (iv) unique

(z) The word ‘advancement’ refers to —.

(i) gain (ii) growth (iii) development (iv) demotion

(aa) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word ‘dramatically’?

(i) usually (ii) normally (iii) ordinarily (iv) surprisingly

(bb) The percentage of Bangladeshis lived in the UK are —.

(i) 0.2 (ii) 0.3 (iii) 0.4 (iv) 0.5

(cc) What does the word ‘predominantly’ mean?

(i) mainly (ii) previously (iii) precariously (iv) permanently

(dd) The word ‘census’ refers to —.

(i) the process of counting people of a country (ii) the process of counting money of a country

(iii) the process of counting ships of a country (iv) the process of counting women of a country

(ee) “By the virtue of technological advancement, communication of news is rapid and sustained, which gives migrant communities a sense of belonging to multiple homes.” What does the sentence imply?

(i) a process of buying homes (ii) finding more than two homes

(iii) having more than one home (iv) searching for more than one home

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) Who were the first generation of Bangladeshis to migrate from Sylhet to the UK?

(b) How did they migrate there?

(c) Who were the second generation of Bangladeshi migrants in Britain?

(d) What reasons did they have for going to Britain?

(e) How do Bangladeshi migrants in Britain connect to their country at this time?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) When did migration from Bangladesh to Britain start? Who were the first migrants?

(g) How did the Sylhetis spread their network in the UK?

(h) What do studies reveal?

(i) How are the British Bangladeshis linked to their countries of origin?

(j) How do migrant communities feel a sense of belonging to multiple homes.

(k) What does the word ‘migration’ mean?

(l) Which class dominated in the first two generations of Bangladeshi migrants to Britain?

(m) Where do Bangladeshi migrants prefer to settle down in Britain?

(n) What do you mean by the word ‘census’? How many Bangladeshi lived in the UK according to the 2001 census?

(o) According to the passage, which generation of Bangladeshi migrants is most closely connected to Bangladesh and which generation feels the least for the country?

Answer (B):

2. Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the reasons of migration of the Bangladeshis to Britain. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. After the World War II, due to labor shortages → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

Who Name of Activity Number/ What Year/ When

migrating from (i) ……….

(ii) ………. encouraging migration (iii) ……….

(iv) ………. increasing dramatically (v) ……….

(vi) ………. (vii) ………. before World War II

Bangladeshis living in UK (viii) ………. as per census (ix) ……….

(x) ………. demanding cheap labour

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

initiated experimentation inhabitant added respect interest

literature destruction honour wars priceless with

Nobel Prize is the greatest prestigious award of (a) — in the world. The prize is given to persons (b) — most outstanding contributions in six fields. Economics was (c) — in the list in 1969 for the first time. The prize was (d) — by the inventor of the science of (e) —. He was an (f) — of Sweden, but he studied in Russia. Nobel became famous all over the world for his (g) — discovery. He left a will indicating that the (h) — on this money should be given as prizes to persons for their outstanding contribution to physics, chemistry, medicine, (i) — and peace. Rontgen won the first Nobel Prize for his outstanding (j) — in X-rays.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Shakespeare is the greatest playwright of the world. In his lifetime, Shakespeare wrote (a) — plays. He composed tragic, comic and (b) — plays. Of all his plays, Hamlet is called his masterpiece and Tempest the (c) —. It was (d) — in 1612. Then he retired as a (e) — and (f) — man. He wanted to live the (g) — life of a (h) — gentleman. And he made no (i) — to collect or (j) — his works.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(i) It expresses human joys and sorrows in a natural way.

(ii) Bangladeshi culture is undoubtedly enriched with folk music.

(iii) Folk songs tell the various aspects of our life.

(iv) That’s why it becomes so natural and spontaneous.

(v) Folk music is uninfluenced by the rules of classical music and modern popular songs.

(vi) They compose and sing from their heart.

(vii) Both religious and secular songs are included in folk songs.

(viii) It is an essential part of our culture.

(ix) The composer and singer of folk songs do not need to be educated.

(x) Bangladesh is a country of rich culture.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Climate Change” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What is climate? (b) What do you know about climate change? (c) What are the effects of climate change? (d) What is the view of the climatologists about the climate change situation in Bangladesh? (e) Why should we control climate change?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

One day a grocer borrowed a balance and some weights from a fruit-seller. After a few days, the fruit-seller went to the grocer and told him to return his balance and weights…………..

9. Suppose, your friend Rana is addicted to drugs. It is a very bad habit. Now send an e mail to your friend asking him to give up the habit of taking drugs. 5

10. The column graph below shows ‘Literacy Rate’ from 1995 to 2010. Now describe the information available in the graph in your own language followed by a comparative analysis in 150 words. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 80 words). 8

I died for beauty, but was scarce

Adjusted in the tomb,

When one who died for truth was lain

In an adjoining room.

He questioned softly why I failed?

“For beauty,” I replied. “And I for truth- the two are one;

We brethren are,” he said.

And so, as kinsmen met a night,

We talked between the rooms,

Until the moss had reached our lips,

And covered up our names.

British-Bangladeshis, also known as British-Bengalis, are an important part of the Bangladeshi diaspora or those of Bangladeshi origin who are living abroad. Almost half of all British-Bangladeshis live in London, especially in the East London boroughs, of which Tower Hamlets has the highest concentration.

Today a tourist who is new to London may well decide to make her way over to the East End of the city, to visit ‘Banglatown’. After exiting the Tube Station there she might follow the signs that point to Brick Lane, a street that has gained certain notoriety from Monica Ali’s best-selling novel of the same name, which was also made into a movie. She may decide to try out one of the many Bangladeshi restaurants she sees there for lunch. Sitting at one of the tables with a window onto the street, she might notice that the street signs are not just in English but also in Bengali. And the lamp-posts are in green and red- the colors of the Bangladeshi flag. In fact everywhere she looks she finds visual cues of the Bangladeshi, and even more specifically, the Sylheti presence in the area. Storefronts advertise flights from London to Sylhet, some on Bangladesh Biman (the national airline of Bangladesh) and others on Air Sylhet, a private airline company formed by British Bangladeshis. There is a sign for Sonali Bank- the major state-owned commercial bank of Bangladesh. There is a food store advertising frozen fish from Sylhet’s Surma River. She watches two elderly men with long, grey beards enter the store; they are dressed in long white tunics, baggy pants and white head caps. She sees a group of teenage girls walking down the street in animated conversation. One is dressed in a black burkah and the others are in jeans and long shirts, along with bright sequined hijabs on their heads. Looking through her London guidebook, she reads about how this neighborhood is in ‘Banglatown’.

In 2001 British Bangladeshi leaders, including many of the second-generation activists, led a successful bid via the Tower Hamlets council to gain the official designation of ‘Banglatown’ for Brick Lane and its surrounding neighbourhoods. With the help of street signs and an advertising campaign, the hope was to give the area a distinct cultural identity that would be attractive to tourists and thus beneficial for Bangladeshi businesses located there. In fact the area has a number of visible Bangladeshi landmarks, such as Altab Ali Park, the Kobi Nazrul Cultural Centre and the Shohid Minar Monument. Along with the official designation of Banglatown, these landmarks are matters of considerable pride for many British Bangladeshis, symbols of their hard-won presence and political voice in Britain.

[Unit-11; Lesson-2]

[Mymensingh Girls’ Cadet College- ’16; Sylhet Cadet College- ’16; Sachindra College, Habiganj- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

ব্রিটিশ-বাংলাদেশি যারা ব্রিটিশ-বাঙালি নামেও পরিচিত তারা বাংলাদেশি অভিবাসীদের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশ অথবা ঐ সকল বাংলাদেশি বংশোদ্ভূত যারা বিদেশে বসবাস করছে। প্রায় অর্ধেক ব্রিটিশ-বাংলাদেশি লন্ডনে বাস করে, বিশেষ করে পূর্ব লন্ডনের বিশাল এলাকায় যেখানে টাওয়ার হ্যামলেট সর্বাধিক নজরকাড়া।

আজ একজন পর্যটক যিনি লন্ডনে নতুন, ভালোভাবে বাংলা টাউন ভ্রমণের সিদ্ধান্ত নিতে পারেন যা শহরের শেষ পূর্ব প্রান্তে অবস্থিত। চমৎকার টিউব স্টেশনের পরে তাকে কিছু চিহ্ন অনুসরণ করতে হতে পারে যা মণিকা আলীর সবচেয়ে বেশি বিক্রিত উপন্যাস থেকে কুখ্যাতি অর্জনকারী একটি রাস্তা ব্রিক লেনকে নির্দেশ করে, যা দিয়ে চলচিত্রও তৈরি হয়েছিল। দুপুরের খাবারের জন্য সেখানে অবস্থিত বাংলাদেশি অনেক রেস্তোরাঁ থেকে তাকে একটি বেছে নিতে হতে পারে। রাস্তামুখী একটি টেবিলে বসে জানালা দিয়ে সে দেখতে পারে রাস্তার নামফলকগুলো শুধু ইংরেজিতে নয় বরং একই সাথে বাংলায়। রাস্তার ল্যাম্পপোস্টগুলো সবুজ লাল বাংলাদেশের পতাকার রং। বস্তুত সব জায়গায় সে দেখে বাংলাদেশি দৃশ্যমান নির্দেশিকা এবং বিশেষ করে এখানে সিলেটিদের উপস্থিতি। দোকানের সম্মুখভাগ বিজ্ঞাপন দেয় লন্ডন থেকে সিলেট যাত্রার বাংলাদেশ বিমানে (বাংলাদেশের জাতীয় এয়ার লাইন) এবং অন্যটি হলো এয়ার সিলেট- একটি ব্যক্তিমালিকানাধীন এয়ার লাইন কোম্পানী যা গঠিত হয়েছে ব্রিটিশ বাংলাদেশিদের দ্বারা। এখানে রয়েছে সোনালী ব্যাংকের নামফলক যা বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রায়ত্ত বাণিজ্যিক ব্যাংক। এখানে রয়েছে হিমায়িত মাছের দোকান যা সিলেটের সুরমা নদী থেকে আনা। সে দেখেছে দুজন প্রবীণ ধূসর লম্বা দাড়িওয়ালা লোককে যারা দোকানে ঢুকছে; তারা চাদর ও পায়জামা এবং মাথায় সাদা টুপি পরিহিত। সে দেখতে পাচ্ছে একদল চটপটে ও বাকপটু কিশোরী রাস্তা দিয়ে হেঁটে যাচ্ছে। একজন কালো বোরখা পরিহিতা এবং অন্যরা জিনস এবং লম্বা শার্ট সহ উজ্জ্বল চিক্চিকেহিজাব তাদের মাথায়। লন্ডন গাইড বুকে চোখ বুলিয়ে সে বাংলা টাউনে প্রতিবেশীর সম্পর্কে দেখে নিল।

২০০১ সালে ব্রিটিশ বাংলাদেশি নেতারা ২য় প্রজন্মের কর্মীদের নিয়ে টাওয়ার হ্যামলেট কাউন্সিলের মাধ্যমে ব্রিকলেন ও তার পার্শ্ববর্তী এলাকার জন্য বাংলাটাউন এর সরকারি মর্যাদা অর্জনে একটি সফল প্রচেষ্টা পরিচালনা করেন। রাস্তার নামফলক ও বিজ্ঞাপন প্রদর্শনের মাধ্যমে আশা ছিল এ এলাকাটি একটি ব্যতিক্রমি সাংস্কৃতিক পরিচিতির অধিকারী হবে যা পর্যটকদের নিকট আকর্ষণীয় হবে এবং এখানে অবস্থিত বাংলাদেশি ব্যবসার জন্য সুবিধাজনক হবে। বস্তুতঃ এ এলাকায় বাংলাদেশি বিখ্যাত স্থাপনা রয়েছে যেমন আলতাব আলী পার্ক, কবি নজরুল কালচারাল সেন্টার এবং শহিদ মিনার। বাংলাটাউন দাপ্তরিক পদবি নিয়ে এ বিখ্যাত স্থাপনাটি যথার্থভাবেই ব্রিটিশ বাংলাদেশিদের গৌরব। এগুলো ব্রিটেনে তাদের কষ্টার্জিত উপস্থিতি আর রাজনৈতিক কণ্ঠস্বরকে প্রকাশ করে।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) What does the word ‘abroad’ refer to?

(i) home (ii) native land (iii) fame (iv) overseas

(b) ‘Banglatown’ is situated in —.

(i) Paris (ii) London (iii) Canada (iv) France

(c) What is the meaning of the word ‘symbol’?

(i) mark (ii) forbid (iii) charitable (iv) home

(d) Sitting at one of the tables with a window on to the street, one might notice that the street signs are not just English but also in Bengali. What does it imply?

(i) importance of Bangla (ii) abuse of Bangla

(iii) role of Bangla (iv) degradation of Bangla

(e) The phrase ‘in fact’ refers to —.

(i) truly (ii) temporarily (iii) shortly (iv) wonderfully

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) The word ‘especially’ refers to —.

(i) conspicuously (ii) eminently (iii) very (iv) unique

(g) The closest meaning of ‘concentration’ is —

(i) distraction (ii) collection (iii) dilution (iv) focusing

(h) By British- Bangladeshi we mean —.

(i) a Bangladeshi but British by birth (ii) a British but Bangladeshi by birth

(iii) a British origin (iv) none of the above

(i) The word ‘movie’ means —.

(i) photograph (ii) picture (iii) film (iv) stage show

(j) — has got notoriety from Monica Ali’s bestselling novel.

(i) Tube Station (ii) London borough (iii) Tower Hamlet (iv) Brick Lane

(k) The word ‘lunch’ means —.

(i) morning meal (ii) midday meal (iii) dinner (iv) supper

(l) Which of the following is true of Bangladeshi flag?

(i) green and red with stars (ii) green and white

(iii) red and white (iv) green and red

(m) — in Brick Lane are not just in English but also in Bengali.

(i) The restaurants (ii) The street lights (iii) The street signs (iv) The lamp posts

(n) The lamp posts are coloured in —.

(i) green and white (ii) complete green (iii) complete red (iv) green and red

(o) What is the official name of the national airline of Bangladesh?

(i) Biman Bangladesh (ii) Bangladesh Airlines (iii) Bangladesh Biman (iv) Bangladesh Air Force

(p) Air Sylhet is a private airline company formed by —.

(i) Bangladeshis (ii) British Bangladeshis

(iii) Bangladeshi Indians (iv) British people

(q) A food store advertises for — from Sylhet’s Surma River.

(i) frozen fish (ii) fresh fish (iii) frozen fish and vegetables (iv) frozen shrimp

(r) The word ‘sign’ means —.

(i) token (ii) evidence (iii) emblem (iv) badge

(s) What is Sonali Bank?

(i) A private commercial bank of Bangladesh

(ii) The major state-owned commercial bank of Bangladesh

(iii) The major state owned commercial bank of London

(iv) A private commercial bank of British Bengalis.

(t) The closest meaning of ‘advertise’ is —.

(i) push (ii) plug (iii) display (iv) publicise

(u) The word ‘animated’ refers to —.

(i) alive (ii) inert (iii) dull (iv) vital

(v) The synonym of ‘conversation’ is —.

(i) discourse (ii) gossip (iii) exchange (iv) conference

(w) When did Banglatown get official designation?

(i) 1998 (ii) 1999 (iii) 2000 (iv) 2001

(x) The word ‘baggy’ means —.

(i) loose (ii) tight (iii) firm (iv) oversize

(y) The word ‘identity’ refers to —.

(i) rapport (ii) empathy (iii) personality (iv) peculiarity

(z) The closest meaning of ‘campaign’ is —.

(i) drive (ii) push (iii) crusade (iv) attack

(aa) What does the word ‘sequin’ refer to?

(i) indifference (ii) callousness (iii) decoration (iv) reputation

(bb) The word ‘notoriety’ means —.

(i) bad name (ii) fame (iii) reputation (iv) attention

(cc) What does the word ‘commercial’ refer to?

(i) fame (ii) reputation (iii) charitable (iv) mercantile

(dd) The sign of a state owned commercial bank in Bangladesh situated in London is —.

(i) Bangladesh Bank (ii) Agrani Bank (iii) Sonali Bank (iv) Janata Bank

(ee) The phrase ‘along with’ refers to —

(i) besides (ii) to mark (iii) to obey (iv) to see

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) Who are called British Bangladeshi?

(b) Who is Monica Ali? What did she depict in her novel?

(c) Give a short description of Banglatown.

(d) What did the British Bangladeshis try to gain in 2001?

(e) Which Bangladeshi landmarks are visible in Banglatown?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What might the narrator see sitting at one of the Bangladeshi restaurants?

(g) Who have formed Air Sylhet and why?

(h) What does the narrator watch?

(i) What does the narrator also see?

(j) How did the British Bangladeshi gain the official designation of Banglatown for Brick Lane?

(k) How are the teenage girls dressed?

(l) In which part in England most of the British Bangladeshis live?

(m) Where is Brick Lane? Why is it famous?

(n) In which language are the streets signed? What is the colour of the lamp posts?

(o) What Bangladeshi cues can a tourist see in Brick Lane?

(p) Which place does ‘Banglatown’ refer to? In which year the designation was achieved?

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the features of Banglatown in London. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Having many Bangladeshi restaurants in Brick Lane → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Make a flow chart describing Brick Lane which reflects Bangladeshi cultures. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Famous for British Bangladeshi → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

Who/ What Where When Information

British Bangladeshi (i) ………. now (ii) ……….

Almost half of them (iii) ………. at present (iv) ……….

A new tourist in London (v) ………. (vi) ……….

(vii) ………. in Monica Ali’s novel (viii) ……….

Sonali Bank (ix) ………. nowadays (x) ……….

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

described publication win top seller critic earn

not only culture buried but also born identify

This passage is about Humayun Ahmed. He (a) — on 13th November in 1948. He was (b) — an author and dramatist, (c) — a script writer and film maker. The (d) — of his novel Nondito Noroke (e) — him fame. As a result, he (f) — admiration from literary critics like Dr. Ahmed Sharif. The Times of India (g) — Humayun Ahmed as a custodian of Bangladeshi literary culture. His writing style was (h) — as magic realism. His books have ranked the (i) — at the Ekushey Book Fair. After his death in New York, he was (j) — in Nuhash Palli.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

The National Memorial at Savar (a) — nation’s (b) — for the martyrs of the Liberation War. This (c) — is 150 feet (d) —. The actual (e) — is to build a complex covering an (f) — of 126 acres. It (g) — a mosque, a library and a museum. This complex gives a clear (h) — to all oppressors that the (i) — of freedom need not be very big and that oppression will always be (j) —.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(a) A craftwork is one kind of art.

(b) But the mechanical production of craftwork is a challenge to the preservation of its authenticity.

(c) Government should also come forward in this regard.

(d) Branding and marketing are the best solution of this problem.

(e) Due to lower demand for handcrafts some of them are disappearing day by day.

(f) The aesthetics of crafts remain natural although the desires and preferences have been changed.

(g) This will help to create a strong attraction and demand for hand crafts.

(h) It is our duty to preserve these cultural heritage.

(i) A craftwork has great importance on our cultural heritage.

(j) After industrial development consumers are more and more getting attracted to the machine produced product.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Folk Music” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What does folksong mean? (b) Why should we preserve folksongs? (c) Why are the most folksongs getting deteriorated? (d) Who are the contributors to folksongs in Bangladesh. (e) What necessary steps should we take to make people aware of folk music?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

A naughty shepherd was grazing a flock of ship in a field near a forest. One day he thought that he would make a joke with the people working in the field. Out of whim he cried out at the top of his voice, “The wolf! the wolf! Save me, save me.” All the men working in the field………………

9. Suppose, you are Mukta. You are very glad to hear the news of 3G mobile network. You want to share your feelings with your friend Rikta. Now write an email about 3G network. 5

10. The pie-chart shows the percentage of a family’s household income distributed into different categories. Now, describe the chart in 150 words. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,

And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made;

Nine bean rows will I have, a hive for the honey bee

And live alone in the bee loud glade.

And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow

Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings;

There midnight’s all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow,

And evening full of the linnet’s wings

I will arise and go now, for always night and day

I hear lake water lapping with low sound by the shove,

While I stand on the road way, or on the pavements grey,

I hear it in the deep heart’s core.

The term ‘diaspora’ is used to refer to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of the world, either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The word is increasingly used for such people as a collective group and/ or a community. The world has seen many diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only in recent decades.

Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in ancient times. The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian sub-continent thousands of years ago is also a noteworthy diaspora, although the causes of this diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas in Africa, too, over the centuries, either because of war or because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the phenomenon of diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.

[Unit-11; Lesson-1]

[CtgB ’17; Dhaka Commerce College- ’16; Rajdhani Ideal College, Rampura, Dhaka- ’16; Comilla Residential College- ’16; Al-Amin Academy School & College, Chandpur- ’16; Noakhali Govt. College- ’16; Chowmohony Govt. S.A. College, Noakhali- ’16; Ispahani Public School & College, Chittagong- ’16; Mirkadim Hazi Amzad Ali University College, Munshigonj- ’16; Cantonment Public School & College, Saidpur, Nilphamari- ’16; Noapara Model Degree College, Jessore- ’16; Ispahani Public School & College, Comilla- ’16; Cantonment College, Comilla- ’16; Ramganj Model University College, Lakshmipur- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

‘ডায়াসপোরা’ (অভিবাসী) শব্দটি বলতে বুঝায় ঐ সমস্ত লোককে যারা তাদের মাতৃভূমি ত্যাগ করেছে এবং পৃথিবীর অন্য কোথাও বসতি স্থাপন করেছে, হয় তারা বাধ্য হয়েছে তা করতে অথবা স্বেচ্ছায় চলে গিয়েছে। এ শব্দটি ক্রমবর্ধমানভাবে এসব লোকের সমষ্টিকে অথবা একটি সম্প্রদায়কে বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হচ্ছে। বিশ্ব অনেক অভিবাসীদেরকে দেখেছে কিন্তু বিদ্যানুরাগীরা সাম্প্রতিক দশকগুলোতে এই বিষয়টিতে প্রচণ্ড আগ্রহ সহকারে অধ্যয়ন করছে।

ইতিহাসের বড় অভিবাসনের ঘটনাসমূহের মধ্যে ইহুদি জনগোষ্ঠিই সবচেয়ে বড় যারা অতি প্রাচীনকালে তাদের নিজ ভূমি ছাড়তে বাধ্য হয়েছিল। মধ্য ইউরোপ থেকে হাজার হাজার বছর পূর্বে আর্যদের ভারতীয় উপমহাদেশে আগমন একটি উল্লেখযোগ্য অভিবাসন, যদিও এই অভিবাসনের কারণ অজ্ঞাত। বিংশ শতাব্দীতে, প্যালেস্টাইনিদের অভিবাসন অনেকের নজর কেড়েছে এবং প্যালেস্টাইনিদের দুঃখ দুর্দশা বিশ্ব নেতাদের উদ্বেগের কারণ হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে। শতাব্দীর পর শতাব্দী আফ্রিকাতেও ব্যাপক অভিবাসন হয়েছে, হয়তো যুদ্ধের কারণে নয়তো প্রকৃতির নিষ্ঠুরতায়। কিন্তু বর্তমানে অভিবাসন বিষয়টি বেশি আকর্ষণীয় হওয়ার মূল কারণ হচ্ছে বিশ্বায়ন।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) What does the word ‘force’ refer to?

(i) yield (ii) compel (iii) separate (iv) wonder

(b) The synonym of ‘noteworthy’ is —. [CtgB ’17]

(i) insignificant (ii) noticeable (iii) invaluable (iv) appricable

(c) What is the closest meaning of the word ‘concern’?

(i) mention (ii) tiny (iii) trivial (iv) interest

(d) The word ‘attract’ refers to —.

(i) discourage (ii) give up (iii) wonder (iv) invite

(e) The Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention in the —.

(i) eighteenth century (ii) nineteenth century

(iii) twentieth century (iv) twenty first century

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What does the word ‘settle’ in the passage refer to?

(i) solve (ii) establish (iii) reconcile (iv) reside

(g) The word ‘diaspora’ is increasingly used for —.

(i) people as a collective group (ii) people as a community

(iii) People as a collective group and a community

(iv) People as a collective group and/ or a community

(h) What is the synonym of ‘homeland’?

(i) birthplace (ii) abode (iii) living place (iv) motherland

(i) The word ‘decade’ refers to —. [CtgB ’17]

(i) thirty years (ii) fifty years (iii) ten years (iv) five years

(j) — are among the great diasporas of history.

(i) the Aryans from Central Europe (ii) the Aryans of Indian Sub-continent

(iii) the Jewish people (iv) the Palestinians

(k) The Aryans came to the Indian Sub Continent from —. [CtgB ’17]

(i) America (ii) Africa (iii) Central Europe (iv) Europe

(l) What is the closest meaning of the word ‘massive’?

(i) great (ii) extensive (iii) slight (iv) solid

(m) What does the phrase ‘a cause of concern’ mean?

(i) an object of apprehension (ii) a reason of worry

(iii) a reason of anxiety (iv) a basis of interest

(n) In Africa there have been —. [CtgB ’17]

(i) massive diasporas (ii) a little diasporas (iii) no diasporas (iv) very little diasporas

(o) What is the closest meaning of the word ‘ravages’?

(i) plunder (ii) ruinations (iii) ransack (iv) loots

(p) The phrase ‘in ancient times’ refers to —.

(i) original (ii) primeval (iii) out of date (iv) modern

(q) The word ‘globalization’ means —.

(i) connecting different cultures and economic systems of the world

(ii) worldwide (iii) internationality (iv) universality

(r) What is the closest meaning of ‘recent’?

(i) new (ii) old (iii) fresh (iv) current

(s) What does ‘diaspora’ mean? [CtgB ’17]

(i) people live their own country (ii) people go abroad

(iii) people work in other countries

(iv) people live their own countries and settle in other parts of the world

(t) The word ‘community’ means —.

(i) neighbourhood (ii) fact (iii) huge (iv) destroy

(u) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word phenomenon in line-4?

(i) philosophy (ii) result (iii) characteristics (iv) permanent

(v) Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people— what does it imply?

(i) they left their country willingly to settle elsewhere

(ii) they were compelled to leave their country and settle elsewhere

(iii) they were compelled to leave their lands in ancient times to settle elsewhere

(iv) none of the above statements

(w) What does the phrase ‘a lot of’ mean?

(i) some (ii) little (iii) a great amount (iv) not too much

(x) What is the contextual meaning of ‘plight’?

(i) memory (ii) purification (iii) dilemma (iv) race

(y) What does ‘leave’ refer to?

(i) arrive (ii) deprive (iii) resist (iv) exit

(z) The word ‘diaspora’ defines —.

(i) city dwellers (ii) votes (iii) urbanization (iv) settlers

(aa) The Aryans settle to —.

(i) Central Europe (ii) Europe (iii) Indian Sub-continent (iv) Indian continent

(bb) Ravage of nature implies —.

(i) gift of nature (ii) natural calamities (iii) natural resources (iv) adversity

(cc) The scholars have been observing the diaspora in —.

(i) recent decades (ii) 50 years ago (iii) coming decades (iv) modern age

(dd) The Jewish settled to —.

(i) Africa (ii) Indian sub-continent (iii) Palestine (iv) Europe

(ee) Which of the following is true in respect of diaspora?

(i) the Jewish diasporas were willing to leave their lands

(ii) the Aryans moved to Central Europe

(iii) the Palestinian diasporas were in serious condition

(iv) there have been many diasporas in Africa

(ff) There are — reason(s) behind diaspora.

(i) one (ii) two (iii) three (iv) four

(gg) In the passage, the phrase ‘ravages of nature’ means—

(i) natural calamities (ii) good things

(iii) beauty of nature (iv) exploitation of natural resources

(hh) What is the purpose of the author of this passage?

(i) to show the cause of diaspora (ii) to put up the exploitation on diaspora

(iii) to explain different aspects of diaspora (iv) to highlight the plights of diaspora

(ii) The — of the movement of Aryans are still unclear.

(i) effects (ii) grounds (iii) purpose (iv) history

(jj) The number of diaspora in the world is —.

(i) scanty (ii) great (iii) small (iv) tolerable

(kk) Why did the Jewish people leave their lands?

(i) The cause is unknown (ii) The cause is known

(iii) The cause is distinct (iv) The cause is compulsion

(ll) The movement the of Aryans is — diaspora.

(i) an essential (ii) a unique (iii) a noteworthy (iv) an exterior

(mm) The word ‘scholar’ means —

(i) learner (ii) moron (iii) ignorant (iv) illiterate

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) Who are called ‘diaspora’?

(b) Why do people leave their own countries? [CtgB ’17]

(c) Do you think that there have been massive diasporas in Africa? [CtgB ’17]

(d) Why did the Jewish people leave their homeland?

(e) How do the twentieth century Palestinian diasporas draw the attention of the world leaders? [CtgB ’17]

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Where did the Aryans live? When and where did they move as diaspora?

(g) When did the plight of the Palestinians attract the attention of world leaders?

(h) Why is diaspora attracting so much attention? [CtgB ’17]

(i) What are the reasons of massive diaspora in Africa?

(j) What does ‘diaspora’ mean?

(k) Why would a group of people want to leave their country?

(l) When have the scholars seen many diasporas?

(m) When did the Jewish people leave their homeland?

(n) Why did the Aryans diaspora take place?

(o) What is the great diaspora of history?

(p) When did the Aryans move to the Indian sub-continent?

(q) What has been a cause of concern for world leaders?

(r) What has globalization to do with diaspora?

(s) When did ‘Diaspora’ become the subject of study for the scholars?

(t) Why have the scholars been studying about the diasporas with great interest? [CtgB ’17]

(u) What are the main diasporas of the past?

(v) Are all diaspora voluntary?

(w) What do you know about globalization?

(x) What are some of the major diasporas of the part?

(y) What is the activity of the scholars regarding diaspora?

(z) When and why did the Aryans shift from Central Europe?

(aa) How does diaspora come to limelight?

(bb) What made the world leaders worried?

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart describing the reasons of diaspora. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. The Jews being forced to leave their lands → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Make a flow chart showing the different diasporas in the past. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Massive diasporas in Africa → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/ Who Where When Information

(i) ………. different parts of the world (ii) ………. migrated

The world (iii) ………. many diasporas

(iv) ………. of the world (v) ………. studying on Diaspora

(vi) ………. from their land in the ancient times (vii) ……….

The Aryans (viii) ………. thousands of years ago migrated from central Europe

(ix) ………. in the Middle East in the 20th century (x) ……….

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

narrow townships phenomenon developed quickly urbanization

estimated change provincial lift-up present pastoral

Bangladesh is changing herself (a) — from a rural to an urban existence. It is (b) — that her urban population will rise by 15 million by 2015. This means that the process of (c) — is accelerating. During the liberation war period, Dhaka was a sleepy (d) — city of about a million people. But at (e) — her population is over 15 million. Even smaller (f) — are experiencing a similar migration to them from the (g) — areas. Urbanization is a common (h) — in the developing countries. It marks a (i) — in socio-economic development. It is also contributing in a similar manner but only the (j) — sense to the developing countries.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

There are many beauties of the Taj Mahal. There is a beautiful garden (a) — the Taj Mahal and a long pool that (b) — out in front of the building. The pool (c) — the beauty of the Taj Mahal by (d) — its view. One can (e) — the beauty of the Taj well when it (f) — in the pool water. (g) — come to see this (h) — architectural building because it (i) — a different look at different times. Most people like it (j) — on moonlit night.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(a) She thought the way people lived in India was almost as nice as being rich.

(b) She formed some idea about India from other passengers’ conversation.

(c) A young English woman Elizabeth decided to travel to India.

(d) She hoped to have much enjoyment in India.

(e) They sailed into Colombo through green glassy waters.

(f) She travelled to Burmah by a ship on summer.

(g) She tasted the charming atmosphere of clubs in India.

(h) She also learnt some Hindustani phrases.

(i) As soon as the ship reached Colombo, two Sampanwallahs quarrelled to have them as their passengers.

(j) The ship sailed across the Mediterranean and reached the Indian ocean.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Good Health” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What is good health? (b) How can one keep good health? (c) Do all the people of our country get the food needed for good health? (d) Are the rich and the educated people of our country conscious of the rules of good health? (e) Do you think a simple and carefree life is conducive to good health?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

Once at twilight I along with my younger brother was walking home. I was five miles away from my village home. As it was getting dark,…………………………….

9. Suppose, your friend has secured A+ in the HSC exam. Now, write an email congratulating him/ her on his/her success. 5

10. The graph below shows the percentage of 15-19 and 20-24 year old married women in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh who have experienced physical or sexual violence. Describe the graph in at least 80 words. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

Hold fast to dreams

For if dreams die

Life is a broken-winged bird

That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams

Life is a barren field

Frozen with snow.

Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected to empirical research and scientific study. Chances are that you’ve often found yourself puzzling over the content of a dream, or perhaps you’ve wondered why you dream at all.

First, let’s start by answering a basic question: What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts and emotions that are experienced during sleep. Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very vague; filled with joyful emotions or frightening images; focused and understandable or unclear and confusing.

Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve? While many theories have been proposed, no consensus has emerged. Considering the time we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet understand the purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to consider that science is still unraveling the exact purpose and function of sleep itself. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while others believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional and physical well-being.

Next, let’s learn more about some of the most prominent dream theories.

Consistent with the psychoanalytic perspective, Sigmund Freud’s theory of dreams suggests that dreams are a representation of unconscious desires, thoughts and motivations. According to Freud, people are driven by aggressive and sexual instincts that are repressed from conscious awareness. While these thoughts are not consciously expressed, they find their way into our awareness via dreams. In his famous book “The Interpretation of Dreams”, Freud wrote that dreams are ‘…. disguised fulfillments of repressed wishes’.

Freud’s theory contributed to the popularity of dream interpretation. Following his paths many theorists came up with their own ideas about dreams. The following are just a few of them:

► Some researchers suggest that dreams are a subjective interpretation of signals generated by the brain during sleep. Dreams are not meaningless. Instead, during dreams the cognitive elements in our brain produce new ideas.

► One theory suggests that dreams are the result of our brains trying to interpret external stimuli during sleep. For example, the sound of the radio may be incorporated into the content of a dream.

► Another theory uses a computer metaphor on account for dreams. According to this theory, dreams serve to ‘clean up’ clutter from the mind, much like clean-up operations in a computer, refreshing the mind to prepare for the next day.

► Yet another model proposes that dreams function as a form of psychotherapy. In this theory, the dreamer is able to make connections between different thoughts and emotions in a safe environment.

[Unit-10; Lesson-1]

[Pabna Cadet College- ’16; Lalmonirhat Govt. College- ’16; BAF Shaheen College, Chittagong- ’16; Jalalabad Cantonment Public School & College, Sylhet- ’16; Govt. Begum Rokeya College, Rangpur- ’16; Ispahani Public College, Comilla- ’16; Govt. City College, Chittagong -’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

স্বপ্ন হাজার বছর ধরে দার্শনিকদেরকে মুগ্ধ করেছে, কিন্তু শুধু সাম্প্রতিককালে স্বপ্ন বাস্তব গবেষণা ও বৈজ্ঞানিক গবেষণার অংশে পরিণত হয়েছে। ভাগ্য এমন যে তোমাকে প্রায় সময়ই স্বপ্ন নিয়ে গভীর চিন্তিত অবস্থায় পাওয়া যায়, কিংবা তুমি আদৌ স্বপ্ন কেন দেখ সম্ভবত তা ভেবে অবাক হও।

প্রথমে, একটি প্রাথমিক প্রশ্নের উত্তর দিয়ে শুরু করা যাক: স্বপ্ন কী? একটি স্বপ্নে যেকোনো ধরনের প্রতিচ্ছবি, ভাবনা ও আবেগ অন্তর্ভুক্ত থাকতে পারে যা আমরা ঘুমন্ত অবস্থায় অভিজ্ঞতা লাভ করি। স্বপ্ন অসাধারণভাবে স্পষ্ট হতে পারে কিংবা খুবই অস্পষ্ট হতে পারে; আনন্দদায়ক আবেগ বা ভীতিকর প্রতিচ্ছবিতে পূর্ণ হতে পারে; কেন্দ্রীভূত ও বোধগম্য বা অপরিষ্কার ও দ্বিধাগ্রস্ত হতে পারে।

আমরা কেন স্বপ্ন দেখি? স্বপ্ন কী কাজে লাগে? যখন অনেকগুলো তত্ত্ব প্রস্তাব করা হয়, কোনো ঐক্য প্রকাশিত হয় না। আমরা স্বপ্ন দেখা অবস্থায় যে সময়টা অতিবাহিত করি তা বিবেচনায় এনে, গবেষকরা যে এখনো স্বপ্নের উদ্দেশ্য বুঝতে পারেনি তা হতবুদ্ধিকর মনে হয়। যা হোক, এটা বিবেচনা করা খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ যে বিজ্ঞান এখনো ঘুমের সঠিক উদ্দেশ্য ও কাজ উদঘাটন করতে পারেনি। কিছু গবেষকগণ পরামর্শ দেন যে, স্বপ্নের সত্যিকার কোনো উদ্দেশ্য নেই, যেখানে অন্যরা বিশ্বাস করে যে স্বপ্ন দেখা মানসিক, আবেগিক ও শারীরিক কল্যাণের জন্য আবশ্যক।

তারপর, আরও কিছু প্রধান স্বপ্ন তত্ত্ব সম্পর্কে জানা যাক।

মনোবীক্ষণিক বিষয়বস্তুর সাথে সংগতিপূর্ণ, সিগমন্ড ফ্রেড এর স্বপ্ন তত্ত্ব অনুযায়ী স্বপ্ন হলো অবচেতন মনের ইচ্ছা, ভাবনা ও প্রেষণার রূপায়ণ। ফ্রেড এর মতে, মানুষ আগ্রাসী ও যৌন বিষয় দ্বারা তাড়িত হয় যা তাদের সচেতন হওয়া থেকে দমিয়ে রাখে। যখন এ ভাবনাগুলো সচেতনভাবে প্রকাশিত না হয়, স্বপ্নের মাধ্যমে আমাদের সচেতনতায় এগুলো তাদের পথ খুঁজে নেয়। ফ্রেড তার বিখ্যাত বই The Interpretation of Dreams- এ লিখেছেন যে স্বপ্ন হলো ‘দমিয়ে রাখা ইচ্ছেগুলোর ছদ্মবেশী পূর্ণতা।’

ফ্রেড এর তত্ত্ব স্বপ্ন ব্যাখ্যার জনপ্রিয়তার ক্ষেত্রে অবদান রেখেছে। তার পথ অনুসরণ করে অনেক তত্ত্ববিদ স্বপ্ন সম্পর্কে নিজেদের ধারণা ব্যক্ত করেছেন। নিচের তত্ত্বগুলো এগুলোর কয়েকটি:

► কিছু গবেষক মনে করেন যে স্বপ্ন হল ঘুমের সময় মস্তিষ্ক চালিত সংকেতের একটি মনোগত ব্যাখ্যা। স্বপ্ন অর্থহীন নয়। বরং স্বপ্ন দেখার সময় মানসিক বোধশক্তি বিকাশের উপাদানগুলো আমাদের মস্তিষ্কে নতুন ধারণার জন্ম দেয়।

► একটি তত্ত্ব অনুযায়ী স্বপ্ন হল ঘুমের সময় আমাদের মস্তিষ্কের বাহ্যিক উদ্দীপনাকে রূপদানের চেষ্টার ফল। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, রেডিওর শব্দ স্বপ্নের বিষয়বস্তুর সাথে একীভূত হতে পারে।

► অন্য একটি তত্ত্বে স্বপ্ন দেখার কারণ ব্যাখ্যা করতে কম্পিউটারের সাথে তুলনা করা হয়েছে। এই তত্ত্ব অনুযায়ী স্বপ্নের কাজ হল মনের এলোমেলো অবস্থার অবসান ঘটানো, অনেকটা কম্পিউটার পরিষ্কারের মত, মনকে সতেজ করে পরের দিনের জন্য প্রস্তুত করা।

► তবু আরেকটি নমুনায় রয়েছে যে স্বপ্ন মনস্তাত্তি¡ক চিকিৎসা হিসাবে কাজ করে। এ তত্ত্বে, একজন স্বপ্নদর্শী একটি নিরাপদ পরিবেশে বিভিন্ন ভাবনা ও আবেগের মধ্যে সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করতে সক্ষম হয়।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) Which of the following has the closest meaning the word ‘fascinate’?

(i) bore (ii) delight (iii) famish (iv) repel

(b) The word ‘nightmare’ in the context refers to —.

(i) bad dream (ii) day-dream (iii) imagination (iv) romantic dream

(c) “The Interpretation of Dreams” is written by —.

(i) Charles Darwin (ii) Sigmund Freud

(iii) Karl Marx (iv) Leo Tolstoy

(d) The word ‘meaningless’ in the passage has the closest meaning to —.

(i) fruitful (ii) fruitless (iii) significant (iv) important

(e) Dreams serve to ‘clean up’ clutter from the mind. What does it imply?

(i) dreams refresh the mind (ii) dreams remove mental agony

(iii) dreams deal with mental problem (iv) dreams remain in the mind

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Which of the following is the closest meaning of the word ’empirical’?

(i) impractical (ii) practical (iii) theoretical (iv) illogical

(g) What does the word ‘research’ mean?

(i) search (ii) look for (iii) study (iv) revision

(h) The word ‘puzzling’ means —.

(i) perplexing (ii) straightforward (iii) wise (iv) enlightening

(i) The word ‘thought’ means —.

(i) objection (ii) opposition (iii) supporter (iv) opinion

(j) Dreams can be — vivid or very vague.

(i) exceptionally (ii) usually (iii) ordinarily (iv) normally

(k) What does the word ‘vivid’ mean?

(i) lifeless (ii) colourless (iii) colourful (iv) unrealistic

(l) The word ‘vague’ means —.

(i) definite (ii) unclear (iii) clear (iv) solid

(m) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word ‘essential’?

(i) necessary (ii) unnecessary (iii) valueless (iv) inessential

(n) What does the word ‘prominent’ mean?

(i) ordinary (ii) notable (iii) known (iv) infamous

(o) The word ‘perspective’ means —.

(i) viewpoint (ii) personal (iii) cognitive (iv) pervasive

(p) Dreams are a — of unconscious desires, thoughts and motivations.

(i) present (ii) gift (iii) depiction (iv) depression

(q) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word ‘unconscious’?

(i) aware (ii) insensible (iii) subconscious (iv) sensible

(r) What is the synonym of the word ‘desire’?

(i) expectation (ii) exception (iii) excursion (iv) demand

(s) The word ‘interpret’ means —.

(i) to interrupt (ii) to clarify (iii) to confess (iv) to concentrate

(t) The word ‘cognitive’ refers to a —.

(i) mental process of understanding (ii) process of entertainment

(iii) process of keeping good health (iv) process of developing thoughts

(u) The word ‘clutter’ refers to —.

(i) confusion (ii) relaxation (iii) tension (iv) action

(v) The word ‘function’ in the passage has the closest meaning to —.

(i) operate (ii) behave (iii) go (iv) perform

(w) Which of the following is the closest word of ‘consensus’?

(i) decision (ii) discussion (iii) permition (iv) emotion

(x) Dreams function as a form of — .

(i) radiotherapy (ii) psychotherapy (iii) physiotherapy (iv) brain therapy

(y) The word ‘aggressive’ in the passage has the closest meaning to —.

(i) offensive (ii) submissive (iii) friendly (iv) timid

(z) ‘puzzling over the content of dream’— what does it imply?

(i) thinking deeply about the subject of dream

(ii) thinking deeply about the condition of dream

(iii) thinking deeply about the satisfaction of dream

(iv) thinking lightly about the subject of dream

(aa) The word ‘basic’ means —.

(i) main (ii) fundamental (iii) important (iv) major

(bb) A dream is —.

(i) sleep (ii) what we experience during sleep

(iii) our intention of future activities (iv) what we want to be

(cc) Empirical research on dream is —.

(i) recent (ii) old (iii) past (iv) current

(dd) ‘Perspective’ could be best replaced by–.

(i) outlook (ii) perception (iii) concept (iv) precept

(ee) What is the main idea of the passage?

(i) To focus the purpose of dream (ii) To disintegrate dreams from nightmare

(iii) To define dream and its purposes (iv) To give us idea about dream

(ff) For which one, as mentioned in the passage, dreaming is not essential?

(i) mental well being (ii) physical upliftment

(iii) sentimental developments (iv) anger management

(gg) Which of the followings is the correct meaning of ‘unravel’ in the third paragraph?

(i) riddle (ii) baffle (iii) unearth (iv) unbriddle

(hh) Which of the following is not incorrect?

(i) There is a definite reason of dreaming

(ii) Dreams are a representation of conscious desires

(iii) Scientists have been researching dreams for thousands of years

(iv) We are very often puzzled by the content of dream

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) What do you know about a dream?

(b) Why do we dream?

(c) What purpose do dreams serve according to the researchers?

(d) Is a dream real or unreal? Give reasons for your answer.

(e) Who is a dreamer? Do you like a dreamer? Why/ why not?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Who have been fascinated by dreams for thousands of years? What is the recent progress regarding dreams?

(g) Who is the writer of “The Interpretation of Dreams”? What did the writer write about dreams in this book?

(h) How did Freud’s theory contribute to the popularity of dream interpretation?

(i) “The sound of the radio may be incorporated into the content of a dream.” What is the theory of this example?

(j) Explain the theory of dreams that says “dreams are not meaningless” in 2/3 sentences.

(k) What purpose do dreams serve? Describe in 2/3 sentences.

(l) Is there any relation between dream and action?

(m) Why does a theory use a computer metaphor to account for dreams?

(n) What can a dreamer do when dreams function as a form of psychotherapy?

(o) What is dream according to the passage?

(p) What do you suggest to be essential for coming to a conclusion on the cause(s) and purpose of dream?

(q) Which one is more important: dream or sleep? Why?

(r) What is the opinion of some researchers regarding dream?

(s) “Dreams serve no real purpose”– do you agree with this statement? Why/why not?

(t) What does the expression ‘disguised fulfillments of repressed wishes’ mean?

(u) Why do you think dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years?

(v) Give your own ideas on Sigmund Freud’s theory in interpreting dreams.

(w) What is the difference between dreams and nightmares? Explain.

(x) What do you think how much science has been successful in interpreting dreams?

(y) What do you know about prominent dream theories?

Answer (B):

2. Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the aspects of dreams. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Fascinating to the philosophers → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/ Who Where Time Information

Dreams for thousands of years (i) ……….

Dreams (ii) ………. subjected to research and study

Emotions (iii) ………. during sleep (iv) ……….

Consensus (v) ………. having emerged

(vi) ………. around the world still (vii) ……….

(viii) ……… to the world (ix) ………. giving the theory of dream

Dreamers (x) ………. during sleep making connections between thoughts and emotions

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

influence design is craftworks a and

it mainly way qualities naturally its

Craftwork refers to the making of things, especially decorative objects, by hands as a profession or a leisure activity. A craftwork is a dynamic object which (a) –– our way of life. A craftwork is (b) –– handmade. It is one kind of art. (c) –– reflects its creator’s imagination. It represents a (d) –– of life and a cultural flavour. As (e) –– result changes of lifestyle have impacts on (f) –– and their productions. Craftworks have some applied (g) ––. It usually doesn’t bear the distinctive of (h) ––maker but retains a personal touch. It (i) –– shaped by the signature of individual creativity (j) –– community aesthetics, interaction functions and human values.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Nanomedicine is the preservation and improvement of human health using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human body. It is the medical (a) –– for nanotechnology. Nanotechnology can bring revolution in (b) –– fields. The impacts of the application of (c) –– in the field of medicine can be (d) ––. To destroy cancer cells, Molecules can be (e) ––. Nanotechnology can provide the possibility of delivering (f) –– to specific cells of the body. By (g) ––this technology overall drug consumption and side (h) –– may be lowered significantly. Nanomedicine may be (i) –– as a part of tissue engineering to (j) –– reproduce or repair damaged tissue. Nanorobots can be used to repair or detect infections or damages.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 10

(a) It saves us from the harmful effects of environment pollution.

(b) Different methods of clean energy such as wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, hydropower, nuclear and bio-fuel are being used now.

(c) The method of clean energy is one of them.

(d) Besides big oil companies are against this clean energy.

(e) But as we spent 150 years depending on oil, it would be difficult to get the habit of clean energy.

(f) We are waiting for many breakthroughs of science.

(g) Clean energy is heat and electricity which is produced from renewable sources.

(h) Because we use fossil fuels which creates a threat for environment.

(i) And it creates little pollution or emissions.

(j) In spite of their unwillingness many European countries have started to produce clean energy.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 10

(a) What is meant by gender discrimination? (b) Why do people discriminate between boys and girls? (c) What are the major fields of gender discrimination in our country? (d) What are the after effects of such discrimination? (e) What steps can be taken to remove gender discrimination from our social system?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

Long long ago there lived a mighty king in England. His name was King Lear. He ruled England properly. In his old age he decided……………….

9. Suppose, you are Anik/Anika of Bangladesh. You have a Facebook friend in Thailand. Her name is Luchu. Now, write an e-mail to her describing the natural beauties of Bangladesh. 5

10. The chart shows the sources of air pollution in a city. Describe the chart in 150 words. You should highlight and summarise the information given in the chart. 1☓10 = 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 80 words). 8

I sit on one of the dives

On Fifty-second Street

Uncertain and afraid

As the clever hopes expire.

Of a low dishonest decade:

Waves of anger and fear Circulate over the bright

And darkened lands of the earth,

Obsessing our private lives;

The unmentionable odour of death

Offends the September night.

Hercules was the son of Jupiter and Alcmena. Eurystheus, the King of Mycenae and his cousin, made him undergo some difficult tasks, which are known in Greek myths as the ‘twelve labours of Hercules.’ He first involved a fight with a lion. The valley of Nemea was being disturbed by a terrible lion and so Eurystheus ordered Hercules to slay the beast and bring him his skin. At first, Hercules tried to fight the lion with his club and arrows but this took him nowhere. Then Hercules attempted a different tactic: he decided he would use his hands. He thus managed to slay the animal on his own, relying entirely on his immense strength. Victorious, he returned to Mycenae carrying the dead lion on his shoulders, a sight that terrified the King.

His next task was to slay a monster called Hydra that was ravaging the country of Argos. The Hydra had nine heads, of which the middle one was said to be immortal. Our hero struck off its heads with his club, but whenever he knocked off a head, two new ones erupted in its place. Eventually with the help of his devoted servant Iolaus, Hercules succeeded in burning all the heads of the Hydra except the ninth or immortal one, which he decided to bury under a huge rock. In other words, Hercules triumphed again, as he would every time he was given an impossible task by Eurystheus! And this is how he began to acquire the reputation of a hero possessing immense strength throughout the world.

[Unit-9; Lesson-4]

[Bogra Cantonment Public School & College- ’16; Chittagong Govt. Mohila College- ’16; Joypurhat Girls’ Cadet College- ’16; Rajshahi College- ’16; Cantonment Public School & College, Rangpur- ’16; Abdur Razzak Municipal College, Jessore- ’16; Chittagong Govt. Women’s College- ’16; Govt. Fazilatunnesa Women’s College, Bhola- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

হারকিউলিস ছিলেন জুপিটার ও আল্কমিনার পুত্র। মাইসিনির রাজা ইউরিসথিউয়াস এবং তার চাচাত ভাই তাকে কিছু কঠিন কাজ করতে বাধ্য করত যা গ্রিক পুরাণে ‘হারকিউলিসের দ্বাদশ শ্রম’ নামে পরিচিত। প্রথমে সে একটি সিংহের সাথে যুদ্ধে লিপ্ত হয়েছিল। নিমিয়া উপত্যকায় একটি ভয়ানক সিংহ উৎপাত করছিল আর তাই ইউরিসথিউয়াস হারকিউলিসকে আদেশ দিল প্রাণীটিকে বধ করে তার চামড়া আনার জন্য। প্রথমে, হারকিউলিস তার তীর ও ধনুক দিয়ে সিংহটির সাথে যুদ্ধ করার জন্য চেষ্টা করেছিল কিন্তু তা কোনো কাজে আসেনি। তারপর হারকিউলিস ভিন্ন কৌশল অবলম্বন করল। সে হাত ব্যবহার করার সিদ্ধান্ত নিল। এভাবে সে পশুটিকে তার অপরিমেয় শক্তির দ্বারা হত্যা করল। বিজয় লাভ করার পর, যে মৃত সিংহটিকে তার কাধের উপর নিয়ে মাইসিনিতে ফিরে আসলো, যা রাজাকে আতঙ্কিত করেছিল।

তার পরবর্তী কাজ ছিল হাইড্রা নামক দৈত্যকে হত্যা করা যা আরগো দেশটিকে ধ্বংস করছিল। হাইড্রার মাথা ছিল নয়টি; যার মধ্যে মাঝখানের মাথাটি ছিল অমরণশীল। আমাদের বীরপুরুষ তার মুগুর দিয়ে মাথায় আঘাত করে, কিন্তু যখনই একটি মাথা বিচ্ছিন্ন হয়, সেখানে দুইটি নতুন মাথা জন্মায়। অবশেষে তার অনুগত ভৃত্য ইয়োলাসের সহযোগিতায় হারকিউলিস হাইড্রার নবম অমরনশীল মাথাটি ব্যতীত সকল মাথা পুড়িয়ে ফেলতে সফল হয়েছিল। যা সে বিশাল পাহাড়ের নিচে পুঁতে রাখার সিদ্ধান্ত নিয়েছিল। অন্য কথায়, হারকিউলিস ইউরিসথিউয়াসের দেওয়া প্রতিটি অসম্ভব কাজের মত এ কাজটিতেও জয় লাভ করল। আর এভাবে সে সারা বিশ্বে অপরিমেয় শক্তির অধিকারী বীরপুরুষ হওয়ার খ্যাতি অর্জন করতে শুরু করল।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) The phrase ‘made him undergo’ in the text refers to —.

(i) Hercules compelled him (ii) Hercules was compelled to

(iii) They ignore him (iv) They order Hercules

(b) The word ‘slay’ used in the text is synonymous to —.

(i) to bring (ii) to yield (iii) to imprison (iv) to kill

(c) What does ‘twelve labours of Hercules’ refers to —.

(i) some hard tasks (ii) some easy tasks (iii) some hard triumph (iv) some fight with beast

(d) The word ‘tactic’ refers to in the passage —.

(i) method (ii) sensitivity (iii) idea (iv) trick

(e) What does ‘this took him nowhere’ means —.

(i) fruitful (ii) fruitless (iii) victory (iv) terrible

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) A terrible — was disturbing the valley of Nemea.

(i) monsters (ii) beasts (iii) Hydra (iv) lion

(g) Eurystheus — Hercules to slay the beast (lion).

(i) commanded (ii) requested (iii) hoped (iv) wished

(h) The word ‘monster’ refers to —.

(i) a gigantic building (ii) a gigantic creature (iii) a big beast (iv) a gigantic statue

(i) The word ‘immortal’ is synonymous to —.

(i) great (ii) undying (iii) stable (iv) unshakable

(j) The middle head of Hydra was —.

(i) big (ii) everlasting (iii) bald (iv) transitory

(k) Hydra was a —.

(i) beast (ii) rock (iii) monster (iv) a city

(l) Hercules managed to — the animal lion.

(i) slay (ii) capture (iii) bind (iv) prey

(m) Hercules returned to Mycenae carrying the dead lion on his —.

(i) hands (ii) head (iii) shoulders (iv) back

(n) Who was Jupiter?

(i) king of Gods (ii) one of the gods

(iii) king of Greek (iv) a man of supernatural power

(o) ‘In burning all the heads of the Hydra’ means —.

(i) destroying all the heads (ii) removing all the heads

(iii) cutting all the heads (iv) dividing all the heads

(p) The synonym of the word ‘erupt’ in the text is —.

(i) burn (ii) burst (iii) break (iv) expand

(q) — was the devoted servant of Hercules.

(i) Hydra (ii) Eurystheus (iii) Iolaus (iv) Jupiter

(r) Hercules decided to bury the ninth head of Hydra under a —.

(i) tree (ii) the sky (iii) huge rock (iv) the roof

(s) The best synonym of ‘acquire’ is —.

(i) to gain anything (ii) to lose anything (iii) to give anything (iv) to sustain anything

(t) Hercules began to acquire the reputation of a hero because of his immense —.

(i) power (ii) energy (iii) virtue (iv) wisdom

(u) The word ‘undergo’ means —.

(i) suffer (ii) go through (iii) endure (iv) undertake

(v) Hercules killed the Nemean lion with his —.

(i) spear (ii) hands (iii) club (iv) sword

(w) What does the word ‘immense’ mean?

(i) tiny (ii) emigrant (iii) minute (iv) enormous

(x) “he returned to Mycenae carrying the dead lion on his shoulders, a sight that terrified the king”— what does it imply?

(i) The king was a coward (ii) The king was weak

(iii) The king was astonished to see Hercules’ power (iv) None of those

(y) What does the phrase ‘throughout the world’ mean?

(i) beside the world (ii) around the world (iii) outside the world (iv) inside the world

(z) What does the word ‘club’ refer to?

(i) organization (ii) society (iii) community (iv) a weapon

(aa) The word ‘relying’ in the text means—.

(i) depending on (ii) exposure to (iii) relating to (iv) accepting

(bb) The word ‘ravaging’ in the text means—.

(i) pulling (ii) constructing (iii) destroying (iv) rebuilding

(cc) Jupiter belonged to which religion?

(i) Muslims (ii) Christians (iii) Jews (iv) Pagans

(dd) Hercules was able to kill the lion because of his —.

(i) bravery (ii) heroism (iii) fame and name (iv) supernatural power

(ee) The king was terrified to see Hercules’ —.

(i) victory (ii) immense strength (iii) popularity (iv) return

(ff) Hercules buried the middle head of Hydra under a heavy rock so that —.

(i) it might regenerate (ii) it might not come out (iii) it might die (iv) it might rot

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) What do you know about Hercules?

(b) What is the ‘twelve labours of Hercules’?

(c) Why did Eurystheus order Hercules to slay the beast (lion)?

(d) How did Hercules succeed to slay the beast?

(e) What terrified the king?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What do you know about the next task/ second task of Hercules?

(g) What do you know about Hydra and his head?

(h) What had happened while Hercules knocked off Hydra’s head?

(i) Who helped him in burning all the heads of Hydra and what did Hercules do to the ninth head?

(j) What brought Hercules a recognition as a hero possessing immense strength throughout the world?

(k) Describe in your own words the ‘first labour’ of Hercules.

(l) How was Hercules’s ‘second labour’ different from the first one?

(m) What are some of the qualities that made Hercules succeed in impossible tasks?

(n) Why did Hercules bury the ninth head of Hydra?

(o) What reasons can you find for calling Hercules a hero?

(p) How did Hercules beat the Hydra?

(q) How did Hercules acquire the reputation of a hero of immense strength?

(r) Why was Hercules so strong?

(s) How did Hercules kill the lion?

(t) What are “the twelve labours of Hercules”?

(u) Why did king Eurystheus order Hercules to do so impossible tasks?

(v) Why did Hercules stop cutting Hydra’s heads?

Answer (B):

2. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the glorified works of Hercules. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Son of Jupiter, the King of gods → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/ Who Where When Incident

King Eurystheus (i) ………. mythic period (ii) ……….

(iii) ………. in the valley of Nemea (iv) ………. fighting with a lion

A terrible lion (v) ………. (vi) ……….

Hercules (vii) ………. (viii) ……….

(ix) ………. throughout the world with the passage of time (x) ……….

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

completed literature honour persistently versatile brought

leading genius protest Tagore reached greatest

Bengali has given birth to many great poets. Rabindranath Tagore was one of the (a) — poets in the history of world literature. He is the (b) — poet of Bengali literature. He was a man of (c) — genius. He was born in the famous (d) — family in March, 1861. After he (e) — his house education, he was sent to school. When he (f) — seventeen, he went to London to study law. But he studied (g) — with Professor Henry Morley for a few months. After returning from England, he began to write (h) — in all branches of literature. The translation of his poems of the Gitanjali (i) — him the highest honour. He renounced Knighthood as a (j) — against the atrocities of British government at Jalianwalabagh.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Our liberation war occurred in 1971. On the (a) — of March 25, 1971 the Pakistani Army (b) — their orgy of blood. They (c) — with all their military (d) —. They (c) — the helpless people of our country. (f) — the freedom fighters started (g) — counter attacks. The war (h) — for long nine months. Millions of people (i) — their lives in the war. Finally, the cowards (j) — to the freedom fighters.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(a) A rocket is launched from a space centre.

(b) The stages fall off to make the load less.

(c) As the Earth has tremendous gravity, a rocket must reach a speed of 40,000 Km per hour to get out of this gravity.

(d) The cargo that a rocket carries is called a payload.

(e) Rocket fuel consists of two liquids and the liquids explode when mixed which pushes the rocket forward.

(f) The escape velocity is the speed which a rocket needs to get out of the Earth’s gravity.

(g) A rocket needs to carry huge amounts of fuel to pick up speed. The heavier the rocket the more fuel it will need.

(h) The first idea of a rocket was developed by Russian school master Konstantin Tsiolkivaski in 1903.

(i) The fuel is not carried in one tank but in different containers and the containers are called stages.

(j) Space travel actually started when American engineer Robert Goddard launched the first liquid fuel rocket.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Satellite TV Channels” in about 150 words. 10

(a) What do satellite TV channels stand for? (b) What do you think about them and their bad impacts? (c) Do you think them to be beneficial? If yes, how? (d) How do some channels cause cultural decay and moral degradation? (e) How can we foster and enrich our own culture? (f) How will you positively implement various channels?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. Give a suitable title to it. 7

Once upon a time two friends went on a journey. They had to go through a forest. As they came through the wood, they saw a bag lying on the ground …………………..

9. Write an email to your friend congratulating him/ her on his/ her brilliant success. 5

10. The graph below shows the number of men and women studying in private universities in Bangladesh from 2004 to 2012. Describe the graph in 150 words. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

I wandered lonely as a Cloud

That floats on high o’ver vales and Hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden Daffodils;

Beside the Lake, beneath the trees.

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the Margin of a bay;

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

Kuakata, locally known as Sagar Kannya (Daughter of the Sea) is a rare scenic spot located on the southernmost tip of Bangladesh. Kuakata in Latachapli union under Kalapara Police Station of Patuakhali district is about 30 km in length and 6 km in breadth. It is 70 km from Patuakhali district headquarters and 320 km from Dhaka. An excellent combination of the picturesque natural beauty, sandy beaches, blue sky and the shimmering expanse of water of the Bay of Bengal and the evergreen forest makes Kuakata a much sought after tourist destination.

The name Kuakata takes its origin from the story of a ‘Kua’- or well-dug on the sea shore by the early Rakhaine settlers for collecting drinking water. The Rakhaines had landed on Kuakata coast after being expelled from Arakan by the Mughals. Following the first well, it became a tradition to dig wells in the neighborhood of Rakhaine homesteads for fresh water supply.

Kuakata is one of the unique spots which allow a visitor to watch both the sunrise and the sunset from the beach. That perhaps makes Kuakata one of the world’s most attractive beaches. The long and wide beach at Kuakata has a typical natural setting. This sandy beach slopes gently into the Bay and bathing there is as pleasant as is swimming or diving.

Kuakata is truly a virgin beach and a sanctuary for migratory winter birds. Fishing boats plying in the Bay of Bengal with colorful sails, surfing waves and the lines of coconut trees add to the vibrant colours Kuakata. The indigenous cultures of the Rakhaine community and hundred year old Buddhist temples indicate the age-old tradition and cultural heritage of this area.

Kuakata is also a holy land for the Hindus and Buddhists. Each year thousands of devotees come here to attend the festivals Rash Purnima and Maghi Purnima. On these two days, pilgrims take holy bath and enjoy going to the traditional fairs.

[Unit-8; Lesson-5]

[RB ’17; Feni Girls’ Cadet College- ’16; Milestone College, Dhaka- ’16; Dhaka Residential Model School & College- ’16; Birshreshtha Noor Mohammad Public College, Dhaka- ’16; Gulshan Commerce College, Dhaka- ’16; Rajshahi Govt. City College- ’16; Scholarshome, Sylhet- ’16; Amrita Lal Dey College, Barisal- ’16; Govt. Fazilatunnesa Women’s College, Bhola- ’16; Barisal Govt. Women’s College- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

স্থানীয়ভাবে সাগর কন্যা নামে পরিচিত কুয়াকাটা, বাংলাদেশের সর্ব দক্ষিণের সরু প্রান্তে অবস্থিত একটি অসাধারণ নৈসর্গিক শোভামন্ডিত জায়গা। পটুয়াখালি জেলার কলাপাড়া থানাধীন লতাচাপলি ইউনিয়নের অন্তর্গত কুয়াকাটা দৈর্ঘ্যে প্রায় ৩০ কিলোমিটার এবং প্রস্থে ৬ কিলোমিটার। পটুয়াখালি জেলা সদর থেকে ৭০ কিলোমিটার এবং ঢাকা হতে ৩২০ কিলোমিটার দূরে অবস্থিত। দৃশ্যমান প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্য, বালুকাময় সৈকত, নীল আকাশ, বঙ্গোপসাগরের ঝিকিমিকি জলরাশির বিস্তার এবং চিরসবুজ বনাঞ্চলের এক চমৎকার মিশ্রণ কুয়াকাটাকে পর্যটকদের গন্তব্যস্থলের এক আকর্ষণ সৃষ্টি করেছে।

প্রাচীন রাখাইন ঔপনিবেশিকদের পানীয় জল সংগ্রহের জন্য সাগরতীরে কূয়া বা কূপ খননের গল্প থেকে কুয়াকাটা নামটির উৎপত্তি হয়েছে। মুঘলদের দ্বারা বিতারিত হয়ে আরাকান থেকে রাখাইনরা কুয়াকাটা উপকূলে বসতি গড়েছিল। প্রথম কূয়ার অনুসরণে বিশুদ্ধ পানি সরবরাহের জন্য রাখাইনদের বাসস্থানের আশেপাশে কূপ খনন একটা ঐতিহ্যে পরিণত হয়েছিল।

কুয়াকাটা হচ্ছে অনন্য স্থানগুলোর অন্যতম যা একজন ভ্রমণকারীকে সমুদ্রতীর হতে সূর্যোদয় এবং সূর্যাস্ত দেখার সুযোগ করে দেয়। এটাই সম্ভবত কুয়াকাটাকে বিশ্বের সবচেয়ে আকর্ষণীয় সৈকতগুলোর মাঝে অন্যতম করেছে। কুয়াকাটার দীর্ঘ এবং প্রশস্ত সৈকতের একটা প্রাকৃতিক দৃশ্য আছে। এই বালুকাময় সৈকত আস্তে আস্তে ঢালু হয়ে বঙ্গোপসাগরে পড়েছে এবং সেখানে গোসল করা, সাঁতার কাটা বা ঝাঁপ দেয়ার মতই মনোরম।

কুয়াকাটা যথার্থভাবে একটি অব্যবহৃত সৈকত এবং শীতকালীন অতিথি পাখিদের আশ্রয়স্থল। বঙ্গোপসাগরে চলাচলকারী রঙ বেরঙের পালতোলা মাছধরা নৌকা, তরঙ্গক্রীড়ার ঢেউ এবং সারিবদ্ধ নারিকেল গাছ, কুয়াকাটার রোমাঞ্চকর আভা/রঙ যুক্ত করে। রাখাইন সম্প্রদায়ের স্বদেশীয় সংস্কৃতি এবং শতবর্ষ প্রাচীন বৌদ্ধ বিহারগুলো এ অঞ্চলের সুপ্রাচীন ঐতিহ্য ও সাংস্কৃতিক উত্তরাধিকার নির্দেশ করে।

কুয়াকাটা হিন্দু ও বৌদ্ধদের জন্য এটি একটি পবিত্র ভূমি। প্রতি বছর হাজার হাজার ভক্ত রাশপূর্ণিমা এবং মাঘী পূর্ণিমার উৎসব পালনের জন্য এখানে আসে। এই দুই দিন তীর্থযাত্রীরা পূণ্যস্নান (গোসল) করে এবং ঐতিহ্যময় মেলাগুলোতে যাওয়া উপভোগ করে।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) ‘Scenic spot’ refers to — [RB ’17]

(i) a place having multiple scenes (ii) a place having a calm atmosphere

(iii) a place of unparalleled natural beauty (iv) a place having untidy spots

(b) The word ‘shimmering’ in the text could be best replaced by —. [RB ’17]

(i) shivering (ii) shining (iii) significant (iv) glaring

(c) The Rakhaines originally came from —. [RB ’17]

(i) Patuakhali district (ii) Latachapli union (iii) Kuakata coast (iv) Arakan district

(d) The best synonym of ‘vibrant’ is —. [RB ’17]

(i) thrilling (ii) colourful (iii) gorgeous (iv) brilliant

(e) Kuakata is truly a virgin beach and a sanctuary for migratory winter bird’s — What does it imply? [RB ’17]

(i) Kuakata is a beach in its original pure condition and a rare abode for guest birds.

(ii) Kuakata is a place of rare beauty and world’s longest beach.

(iii) Kuakata is untouched by human habitation

(iv) Kuakata is a natural habitat.

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) The Rakhaines were expelled from Arakan by the —.

(i) Burmese (ii) Bengalis (iii) Mughals (iv) Chinese

(g) The word ‘locally’ means —.

(i) regionally (ii) internally (iii) vividly (iv) truly

(h) Kuakata is an excellent combination of —.

(i) picturesque natural beauty (ii) sandy beaches

(iii) shimmering expanse of water (iv) all the above

(i) The word ‘expanse’ means —.

(i) development (ii) spread (iii) separation (iv) vastness

(j) Which of the following statement is true about the beach ‘Kuakata’?

(i) one of the seven wonders (ii) virgin beach and sanctuary for migratory birds

(iii) tribal inhabitations (iv) both (i) and (ii)

(k) The Buddhists temples of Kuakata indicate the age-old tradition. The underlined expression refers to —.

(i) very ancient tradition (ii) very scenic (iii) very attractive (iv) very traditional

(l) The closest meaning of the word ‘unique’ is —.

(i) poor (ii) lovely (iii) impoverished (iv) exceptional

(m) The word ‘pilgrim’ best expresses —.

(i) quest (ii) holy people (iii) traveller (iv) tourist

(n) How is the culture of Rakhaine community?

(i) foreign (ii) indigenous (iii) tribal (iv) none

(o) Kuakata is a — land for the Hindus and Buddhists.

(i) home (ii) plain (iii) reverine (iv) holy

(p) — of devotees come here to attend the two festivals (Rash and Maghi Purnima).

(i) Hundreds (ii) Thousands (iii) Crores (iv) Millions

(q) The closest meaning of the word ‘indicate’ is —.

(i) add (ii) point out (iii) read (iv) charge

(r) Fishing boats — in the Bay of Bengal with colourful sails.

(i) playing (ii) ply (iii) play (iv) sailing

(s) The word ‘slope’ refers to —.

(i) slant (ii) natural (iii) fall (iv) lean

(t) The expression ‘virgin beach’ refers to —.

(i) religious beach (ii) contaminated (iii) fresh beach (iv) commercial centre

(u) Kuakata is a holy land for the —.

(i) Hindus (ii) Muslims (iii) Buddhists (iv) both i and iii

(v) The word ‘typical’ means —.

(i) atypical (ii) hyper (iii) distinctive (iv) curious

(w) What does the phrase ‘indigenous culture’ mean?

(i) native culture (ii) foreign culture

(iii) both native and foreign culture (iv) neither native and foreign culture

(x) The word ‘vibrant’ in the passage refers to —.

(i) dynamic (ii) short (iii) shivering (iv) concise

(y) The expression “a sanctuary for migratory winter birds” —.

(i) it is an unused beach (ii) it is a shelter for migratory birds

(iii) it is a permanent abode of winter birds (iv) all the above statements

(z) Sagar Kannya is the another name of —.

(i) Cox’s Bazar (ii) Kalapara (iii) Patuakhali (iv) Kuakata

(aa) The length and breadth of the Patuakhali district is respectively — km.

(i) 30 and 6 (ii) 60 and 3 (iii) 30 and 3 (iv) 60 and 6

(bb) The distance between Kuakata and Dhaka is — km.

(i) 330 (ii) 320 (iii) 360 (iv) 340

(cc) Which of the following is the closest meaning of the word ‘expelled’?

(i) discharge (ii) drive out (iii) came (iv) shunned

(dd) What does the word ‘virgin’ refer to?

(i) altered (ii) contaminated (iii) perfect (iv) imperfect

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) Where does the name ‘Kuakata’ come from? [RB ’17]

(b) What does the expression ‘a much sought after tourist destination’ mean? [RB ’17]

(c) What makes Kuakata an attractive tourist spot? [RB ’17]

(d) Why would one visit Kuakata? [RB ’17]

(e) ‘Kuakata’ upholds an ancient tradition how? [RB ’17]

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Write down some aspects of Kuakata that make it a rare scenic spot and attract the tourists?

(g) Why is it called a virgin beach?

(h) Why did the Hindus and Buddhists come to Kuakata and what did they do?

(i) What has made Kuakata one of the world’s most attractive beaches?

(j) Where is Kuakata located?

(k) What is the most unique feature of Kuakata beach?

(l) What are some traditional events that take place in Kuakata?

(m) Would you like to visit Kuakata? Make a list of 3 things that you’d like to do while in Kuakata?

(n) Who is the daughter of the sea? Describe about it in short.

(o) Who were expelled from Arakan and by whom? What was the tradition to them?

(p) What is the holy land for Hindus and Buddhists?

(q) Describe the beauty of Kuakata in your own words.

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the various sides of Kuakata. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Locally known as Sagar Kannya → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the historical background of Kuakata. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Name derived from the word ‘Kua’ → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

(iii) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the natural beauty of Kuakata. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Combination of picturesque natural beauty → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/Who Where When What Happens

Kuakata (i) ………. is made a much sought after tourist destination

(ii) ………. in the southern Bangladesh sandy beaches, blue sky and water of the bay is seen

The Rakhaine settlers (iii) ………. in the Mughal era (iv) ……….

(v) ………. on Kuakata coast (vi) ………. landed

The Rakhaines (vii) ………. in the Mughal era (viii) ……….

A visitor (ix) ………. at sunrise and sunset (x) ……….

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

symposiums chief social moral acute motivate

deny respective virtue judicial affects sins

Now we are concerned of moral degradation. (a) — moral degradation is a crucial problem of mankind which (b) — the peaceful and meaningful living of human beings. In society, morality is the (c) — source of development of the heavenly qualities like love, affection etc. None can (d) — the fact that morality is the best virtue of mankind. Without attaching the essence of morality, a durable democratic, socio-economic, administrative and (e) — institution can never be dreamt of. (f) — ills and (g) — occur mainly due to human activities devoid of moral awareness. Seminars and (h) — at different levels should be arranged to encourage and (i) — people to accelerate the moral uplift from their (i) — faculties.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Social values are very important for civilization. Life of our forefathers was (a) — with some noble social values. These social values (b) — them to be honest, sincere, responsible and sympathetic. They prompted to do (c) — deeds and to (d) — against any wrong (e) —. However, with the (f) — of time, people have (g) —. They have (h) — self-centred, dishonest, faithless and corrupt. They only think of their personal (i) — and can do any ignoble acts to earn (j) — and fame. So it’s time to save the social values.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(a) The Americans remember him with homage.

(b) He had a strong desire to study.

(c) He used to work all day long in the forest cutting down trees.

(d) He spent his childhood doing all sorts of jobs as a log chopper, boatman and village post master.

(e) Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of America.

(f) He was born in 1809.

(g) When he reached the age of twenty one, his father sent him on a journey to New Orleans which was two thousand miles away from his home town.

(h) He was elected to the Legislature of Illinois at the age of twenty five.

(i) Lincoln and his friend went on the journey together by a boat.

(j) He became the president of the USA in 1860.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Food Adulteration”. 10

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

From the very boyhood Bayazid Bostami was very helpful to his mother. He was also very obedient. An interesting event took place one night. He was studying ……………………..

9. Suppose, your locality has been seriously hit by a recent flood. Now, write an email to the DC of your district for relief for the flood affected people. 5

10. The graph below shows ‘The number of People Living Below the Poverty Line’ from 1995 to 2010: Describe the graph in 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the graph. 10

The number of people living below the poverty line (%)

11. Write the theme of the following story. 10

Sir Isaac Newton used to be deeply occupied with study of the difficult problems. He used to be forgetful about the daily necessaries of his life. On one occasion he was very much engaged with some problems. He was in his laboratory at that time. He felt hungry and wanted to eat something. He called his maid servant and told her to bring an egg.

After a while the maid came back with an egg and wanted to know what to do. He was then absorbed in a deep experiment and gesticulated her to keep the egg on the table. The servant kept the egg there and went. Then Newton again became busy with his work.

Suddenly it appeared in his mind that he should eat the egg. For this he fired the burner and put a pot of water on it to boil the egg. When the water started boiling he wanted to put the egg into the pot. But he put his watch into the boiling water instead of egg forgetfully. He again returned to experiment and when his conscience returned he found his watch in the pot still boiling. This is one of the best examples of attention of the great men like Newton. And this is the key point for their great achievement.

A vast mangrove forest shared by Bangladesh and India that is home to possibly 500 Bengal tigers is being rapidly destroyed by erosion, rising sea levels and storm surges, according to a major study by researchers at the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and others.

The Sundarbans forest took the brunt of super cyclone Sidr in 2007, but new satellite studies show that 71% of the forested coastline is retreating by as much as 200 meters a year. If erosion continues at this pace, already threatened tiger populations living in the forests will be put further at risk.

Natalie Pettorelli, one of the report’s authors, said: “Coastline retreat is evident everywhere. A continuing rate of retreat would see these parts of the mangrove disappear within 50 years. On the Indian side of the Sundarbans, the island which extends most into the Bay of Bengal has receded by an average of 150 meters a year, with a maximum of just over 200 metres; this would see the disappearance of the island in about 20 years.”

The Sundarbans is known for vanishing islands but the scientists said the current retreat of the mangrove forests on the southern coastline is not normal. “The causes for increasing coastline retreat, other than direct anthropogenic ones, include increased frequency of storm surges and other extreme natural events, rises in sea-level and increased salinity which increases the vulnerability of mangroves,” said Pettorelli.

“Our results indicate a rapidly retreating coastline that cannot be accounted for by the regular dynamics of the Sundarbans. Degradation is happening fast, weakening this natural shield for India and Bangladesh.”

“As human development thrives, and global temperature continues to rise, natural protection from tidal waves and cyclones is being degraded at alarming rates. This will inevitably lead to species loss in this richly biodiverse part of the world, if nothing is done to stop it.”

“The Sundarbans is a critical tiger habitat; one of only a handful of remaining forests big enough to hold several hundred tigers. To lose the Sundarbans would be to move a step closer to the extinction of these majestic animals,” said ZSL tiger expert Sarah Christie.

[Unit-8; Lesson-4]

[Comilla Cadet College- ’16; Viqarunnisa Noon School & College, Dhaka- ’16; Bogra Cantonment Public School & College- ’16; Chittagong College- ’16; Syed Shah Mostafa College, Moulvibazar- ’16;]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

লন্ডনের জুলজিক্যাল সোসাইটিতে গবেষকদের এক প্রধান গবেষণা অনুসারে বাংলাদেশ ও ভারত কর্তৃক ভাগাভাগি করা এক বিস্তীর্ণ উষ্ণমন্ডলীয় বনাঞ্চল সম্ভাব্য ৫০০ বেঙ্গল টাইগারের বাসস্থান যা ক্ষয়সাধন, সমুদ্রের উচ্চতাবৃদ্ধি এবং প্রবল ঝড়ের দ্বারা দ্রুত ধ্বংস হয়ে যাচ্ছে।

সুন্দরবনের বনাঞ্চল ২০০৭ সালের অতিমাত্রায় ঘুর্ণিঝড় সিডরের আক্রমণের প্রধান ধকল সামলিয়েছিল, কিন্তু নতুন উপগ্রহ গবেষণায় দেখা যায় যে বনাঞ্চলের উপকূল রেখার ৭১% প্রতি বছর প্রায় ২০০ মিটার পিছিয়ে যাচ্ছে। যদি এই বেগবান ক্ষয়সাধন চলতে থাকে তাহলে বনাঞ্চলে বসবাসরত ইতোমধ্যে বিপন্ন বাঘ সংখ্যা আরও বিপদের সম্মুখীন হবে।

প্রতিবেদন লেখকদের অন্যতম নাটালি পেটোরেল্লী বলেন, “উপকূল রেখার ক্ষয়সাধন সর্বত্রই সুস্পষ্ট। পশ্চাদপসরণের এই অবিরাম গতির ফলে ৫০ বছরের মধ্যে উপকূলীয় বনাঞ্চলের এই অংশগুলো বিলীন হয়ে যাবে। সুন্দরবনের ভারতীয় অংশে দ্বীপটি যার অধিকাংশ বঙ্গোপসাগরের মধ্যে বিস্তৃত তা বছরের গড়ে ১৫০ মিটার এবং সর্বোচ্চ ২০০ মিটারের অধিক কমে গেছে; এর ফলে প্রায় বিশ বছরে দ্বীপটি অদৃশ্য হয়ে যেতে পারে।”

সুন্দরবন অপসৃয়মান/ অদৃশ্য দ্বীপগুলোর জন্য পরিচিত কিন্তু বিজ্ঞানীগণ বলেন যে দক্ষিণের উপকূল রেখার উষ্ণমন্ডলীয় বনাঞ্চলের চলতি পশ্চাদপসরণ স্বাভাবিক নয়। পেটোরেল্লী বলেন, “সরাসরি মানবসম্পর্কিত ছাড়া বর্ধিত উপকূল রেখার পশ্চাদপসরণের কারণগুলোর মধ্যে ঝড়-জলোচ্ছাসের বর্ধিত পুন:পুন: সংঘটন, অন্যান্য চরমমাত্রায় প্রাকৃতিক ঘটনা, সাগরের উচ্চতা বৃদ্ধি এবং বর্ধিত লবণাক্ততা অন্তর্ভুক্ত যা উষ্ণমন্ডলীয় বনভূমির জন্য ঝুঁকি বাড়ায়।”

“আমাদের ফলাফলে দেখা যায় সুন্দরবনের নিয়মিত গতিময়তা দ্বারা দ্রুত ক্ষীয়মান উপকূল রেখার ব্যাখ্যা করা যায় না। ভারত ও বাংলাদেশের জন্য এই প্রাকৃতিক ঢালকে দূর্বল করে ভাঙন দ্রুত সংঘটিত হচ্ছে।”

“যেহেতু মানব উন্নয়ন সমৃদ্ধি লাভ করে এবং বৈশ্বিক উষ্ণতা বেড়েই চলেছে তাই জলোচ্ছ্বাস এবং ঘূর্ণিঝড় হতে প্রাকৃতিক সংরক্ষণ ভয়ঙ্কর হারে হ্রাস পাচ্ছে। যদি এটা বন্ধ করার জন্য কিছু করা না হয় তাহলে এটা বিশ্বের এই সমৃদ্ধ প্রাণ বৈচিত্র্যের প্রজাতি ক্ষতির কারণ হয়ে দাঁড়াবে।”

“সুন্দরবন হচ্ছে সংকটপূর্ণ বাঘের বাসস্থান/আস্তানা; এটা কেবলমাত্র অবশিষ্ট মুষ্টিমেয় বনগুলোর একটি যা কয়েক শত বাঘ ধারণ করার মত বড়। সুন্দরবন হারানো হবে এ সমস্ত রাজকীয় প্রাণির ধ্বংসের দিকে এক পা এগিয়ে যাওয়া” বলেছেন জেড্এস্ এল্ বাঘ বিশেষজ্ঞ সারাহ ক্রিষ্টি।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) What does the word ‘erosion’ refer to?

(i) decay (ii) pollution (iii) pure (iv) impure

(b) The word ‘extinction’ means —.

(i) survival (ii) destruction (iii) uplift (iv) development

(c) What does the word ‘retreat’ in the text means?

(i) erosion (ii) advance (iii) forward (iv) preceding

(d) The number of Royal Bengal Tigers is —.

(i) increasing (ii) rising (iii) decreasing (iv) growing

(e) “To lose the Sundarbans would be to move a step closer to the extinction of these majestic animals.” What does it imply?

(i) Royal Bengal Tigers will be lost with the destruction of the Sundarbans

(ii) Tigers will live safely if the Sundarbans is being destroyed

(iii) The number of tigers will increase

(iv) None of the above

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) The Sundarbans is a —.

(i) rain forest (ii) swamp forest (iii) mangrove forest (iv) both (i) and (ii)

(g) Sidr was a —.

(i) tornado (ii) typhoon (iii) whirlwind (iv) all of the above

(h) Natalie Pettorelli is a —.

(i) tiger expert (ii) forest expert (iii) reporter (iv) both (ii) and (iii)

(i) What is the synonym of “majestic”?

(i) rare (ii) royal (iii) modest (iv) dowdy

(j) ZSL is the abbreviation of —.

(i) Zoological society of London (ii) Zoology society of London

(iii) Zoological school of London (iv) Zoology school of London

(k) ‘If erosion continues at this pace —’ in this line “pace” is used for —.

(i) motion (ii) movement (iii) rate (iv) custom

(l) “Salinity” means —.

(i) briny (ii) salt (iii) sea (iv) sweet

(m) Which word is synonymous to “extend”?

(i) continuation (ii) stretch (iii) proximity (iv) adjacent

(n) The word “anthropogenic” is closely related to —.

(i) human beings (ii) origin and development of human biengs

(iii) soil (iv) kinds of soil

(o) The name of the tiger expert is —.

(i) Sarah Pettorelli (ii) Sarah Christin (iii) Natalie Christie (iv) Sarah Christie

(p) The word “degradation” refers to —.

(i) deterioration (ii) wasting (iii) running (iv) spoiling

(q) In the Sundarbans there are approximately — Bengal Tigers.

(i) fifty hundred (ii) five hundred (iii) five thousand (iv) none of the above

(r) In the passage the word “brunt” means —.

(i) streets (ii) result (iii) collision (iv) impact

(s) The island mentioned in the passage can be disappeared in about —.

(i) 2 century (ii) 2 decades (iii) 20 decades (iv) none of the above

(t) Which is true about “biodiversity”?

(i) existence of many different kinds of plants in an environment

(ii) existence of many different kinds of animals in an environment

(iii) existence of many different kinds of plants and animals in an environment

(iv) none of the above

(u) The word ‘rapid’ means —.

(i) swift (ii) gradual (iii) sluggish (iv) slow

(v) In the passage “habitat” refers to —.

(i) meeting place (ii) birthplace (iii) dwelling place (iv) room

(w) What does the word ‘extreme’ mean?

(i) insignificant (ii) ultimate (iii) silly (iv) trivial

(x) The word ‘evident’ means —.

(i) clear (ii) unclear (iii) unaware (iv) unbound

(y) The cyclone Sidr happened in —.

(i) 2003 (ii) 2005 (iii) 2007 (iv) 2009

(z) What does the word ‘vast’ refer to?

(i) enormous (ii) little (iii) less (iv) few

(aa) The Sundarbans is known for vanishing island’s, — What does it imply?

(i) The Sundarbans is an island (ii) The Sundarbans is retreating rapidly

(iii) The Sundarbans is retreating coastline

(iv) none of the above statements

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) What happened to the Sundarbans in 2007?

(b) How many territories does the Sundarbans consist of and what are they?

(c) What will happen if we lose the Sundarbans?

(d) What is the view of ZSL tiger expert Sarah Christie? Write in your own words.

(e) What is ZSL?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Why is the Sundarbans so significant?

(g) What is not normal according to the scientists?

(h) Why is coastline retreat increasing?

(i) What is the step which brings closer to the extinction of Bengal tigers?

(j) Why is Sarah Christie concerned?

(k) When will the island be disappeared?

(l) What is the Sundarbans famous for?

(m) What is the view of Natalie Pettorelli on Bangladesh part of the Sundarbans?

(n) What is happening to the Sundarbans according to the study of ZSL?

(o) What do researchers forecast about the Sundarbans?

(p) What will lead to species loss in the Sundarbans?

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the view of the researchers. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Only the habitat of 500 tigers → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the present situation of the Sundarbans. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. A mangrove forest between Bangladesh and India. → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, (i) Read the above text and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/Who Where When What Happens

Bengal Tigers (i) ………. at present (ii) ……….

According to researchers (iii) ………. at present (iv) ……….

(v) ………. in southern Bangladesh (vi) ………. took the brunt of SIDR

Studies (vii) ………. each year (viii) ……….

(ix) ………. in the Indian side of the Sundarbans (x) ………. has receded

(ii) Read the above text and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/ Which Characterized/Activity Amount/ Place Time/ Year

A vast mangrove forest accommodation of (i) ……….

(ii) ………. took the brunt of super cyclone sidr (iii) ……….

The forested coastline (iv) ………. (v) ………. a year

According to Natalie Pettorelli the mangrove will disappear (vi) ……….

(vii) ………. weakening the natural shield India and Bangladesh

Remaining forest (viii) ………. (ix) ……….

(x) ………. ZSL tiger expert

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

to experience it and tended special

a start tiny benefit to large

The idea of Katie’s Krops began with a nine year old school girl and a 40 pound cabbage. In 2008 Katie Stagliano brought a (a) –– cabbage seedling home from school. She (b) –– her cabbage and cared for (c) ––. The cabbage grew to 40 pounds (d) –– it was really amazing. It was (e) –– special cabbage and she donated it (f) –– a soup kitchen where it helped (g) –– feed 275 people. Moved by the (h) –– of seeing how many people could (i) –– from such production, Katie decided to (j) –– vegetable gardens and donate the harvest to help people in need. Now Katie has numerous gardens and donated thousands of pounds of fresh vegetables to organizations that help people in need.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

There are different kinds of craftworks in our country. (a) –– them embroidery is a very popular and well known (b) ––. It is one kind of handicraft. Thread, needle, fabric (c) –– some other materials are used on embroidery. It is (d) ––with a wide variety of thread or colour. The (e) –– and yarns used in traditional embroidery vary from place (f) –– place. It is usually practised by the rural women (g) –– our country. But nowadays it is also practised by (h) –– women both traditionally and commercially. By doing this (i) –– can contribute to their family income. So it has (j) –– an important part of our social, economical and cultural life.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 10

(a) Then, the United Nations was founded.

(b) Among these organizations, ‘Olive Leaf Circles’ was formed by a group of 15 to 20 British women.

(c) A noteworthy work of the United Nations is the nuclear non-prolification treaty between many countries of the world.

(d) Peace movement is an all-encompassing “anti-war movement”.

(e) The primary objective of the United Nations is to maintain peace and resolve inter-state conflicts in the world.

(f) To materialize this purpose, many peace organizations have been set up.

(g) It is basically a social movement.

(h) The New York Peace Society, the Massachusetts Peace Society, the London Peace Society, Olive Leaf Circles etc are some of the Peace Organizations.

(i) Its first purpose is to bring peace in the society.

(j) The first International Peace congress was held in London in 1843.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “E-learning” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What is e-learning? (b) Who has given the concept of e-learning in Bangladesh? (c) How is it different from conventional learning? (d) How does the process of education take place in e-learning? (e) What is the prospect of e-learning?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

Gias Uddin Azam Shah was a great ruler of Bengal. He was very kind and just. He was fond of hunting. One day he went on hunting at a nearby jungle. He aimed at a fawn………………..

9. Suppose, your locality has been seriously hit by a recent flood. Now, write an e-mail to the DC of your district for relief for the flood affected people. 5

10. The graph below shows “Total Candidates in SSC Examination-2013”. Describe the graph in 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the graph. 10

Total candidates in SSC examination 2013

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

The Sands of Dee by Charles Kingsley

“O Mary, go and call the cattle home,

And call the cattle home,

And call the cattle home

Across the sands of Dee”;

The western wind was wild and dank with foam,

And all alone went she.

The western tide crept up along the sand,

And o’er and o’er the sand,

And round and round the sand,

As far as eye could see.

The rolling mist came down and hid the land:

And never home came she. “Oh! is it weed, or fish, or floating hair–

A tress of golden hair,

A drowned maiden’s hair

Above the nets at sea?

Was never salmon yet that shone so fair

Among the stakes at Dee.”

They rowed her in across the rolling foam,

The cruel crawling foam,

The cruel hungry foam,

To her grave beside the sea:

But still the boatmen hear her call the cattle home

Across the sands of Dee.

…………….Hakaluki haor is a very important resting place for migratory waterfowls flying in from the north. The most interesting species is the Barheaded Goose, which is now hardly seen in fresh water wetlands. Many other important species of waterfowls make the Haor their temporary home. Unfortunately, illegal poaching has been a threat to the waterfowl population in this vast wetland. Hakaluki haor is known as a good grazing land in winter. People from villages around the Haor and also from distant areas send their herds for grazing. During this time, herders make temporary shelters near the beels and graze their animals for a period of 4-5 months. The Haor had very dense swamp forests in the past, but deforestation and a lack of conservation practices have virtually destroyed this unique forest in the last two decades.

Two small patches of swamp forests still exist in the area of which one is in Chatla beel and the other near the village of Kalikrishnapur. With the exception of these two swamp forest patches, the vegetation surrounding Hakaluki Haor is unique. It includes both swamp forest as well as mixed evergreen rain forest. Thatching material is the most useful natural wetland product of the area.

The haor system provides a wide range of economic and non-economic benefits to the local people as well as to the people of Bangladesh. These include fish production, rice production, cattle and buffalo rearing, duck rearing, collection of reeds and grasses, and collection of aquatic and other plants. The haor system also protects the lower floodplains from flash floods occurring in the months of April-May, maintains the supply of fish in other lower water bodies and provides habitat for migratory and local waterfowls.

The unique haor system contributes to the beauty of the landscape both during the monsoon and the dry season. In monsoon, its unique scenic beauty makes it a huge natural bowl of water and in the dry season it becomes a vast green grassland with pockets of beels serving as resting places for migratory birds. This unique natural system can be a major attraction for tourists.

[Unit-8; Lesson-2]

[Chittagong College- ’16; Blue Bird College, Sylhet- ’16; Sonar Bangla College, Comilla- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

……………হাকালুকি হাওরটি হচ্ছে উত্তর দিক হতে উড়ে আসা অতিথি জলচর পাখিদের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিশ্রামের জায়গা। সবচেয়ে মজার প্রজাতি হচ্ছে বারহেডেড রাজহাঁস যেগুলো এখন মিঠা পানির জলাশয়ে কদাচিৎ দেখা যায়। জলচর পাখিদের আরও অনেক প্রজাতি হাওরটিকে তাদের অস্থায়ী আবাস স্থল বানিয়েছে। দুর্ভাগ্যবশত, অবৈধ পাখিশিকার এই বিস্তীর্ণ জলাশয়ে জলচর পাখিদের জন্য হুমকি হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে। শীতকালে খুব ভালো বিচরণ ক্ষেত্র হিসেবে হাকালুকি হাওর পরিচিত। হাওরের চারপাশের গ্রাম ও দূরবর্তী এলাকার জনগণ তাদের গরু ছাগল বিচরণের জন্য এখানে পাঠিয়ে দেয়। এ সময়, পশুপালকেরা বিলগুলোর নিকটে অস্থায়ী আশ্রয় নির্মাণ করে এবং ৪-৫ মাস ধরে তাদের প্রাণীগুলো এখানে চড়ায়/ বিচরণ করায়। অতীতে হাওরটিতে অত্যন্ত ঘন জলাশয় বন ছিল, কিন্তু বন নিধন এবং সংরক্ষণ অভ্যাসের ঘাটতি বিগত দুই দশকে এই দুর্লভ বনকে কার্যত ধ্বংস করেছে।

এ অঞ্চলে এখনো জলাশয় বনভূমির দুটি ছোট অংশ বিদ্যমান আছে যাদের একটি চাতলা বিলে এবং অপরটি কালিকৃষ্ণপুর গ্রামের নিকটে। এই দুইটি ক্ষুদ্র জলাশয় বনভূমি ব্যাতিরেকে হাকালুকি হাওরের চারিদিকের উদ্ভিদসমূহ অনুপম। এটা জলাশয় বন ও মিশ্র চিরসবুজ বৃষ্টি প্রধান ক্রান্তীয় অঞ্চলের জঙ্গল উভয়কে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করে। খড় দিয়ে ছাওয়ার উপকরণ এই অঞ্চলের সবচেয়ে উপকারী প্রাকৃতিক আর্দ্রভূমির উৎপন্ন দ্রব্য।

হাওর ব্যবস্থা আঞ্চলিক ও বাংলাদেশের জনগণকে অর্থনৈতিক ও অর্থনৈতিক নয় এমন বিস্তীর্ণ সুবিধা প্রদান করে। মৎস্য উৎপাদন, ধান উৎপাদন, গরু, ছাগল ও মহিষ পালন, হাঁস পালন, নলখাগড়া ও ঘাস সংগ্রহ এবং জলজ ও অন্যান্য উদ্ভিদ সংগ্রহ এদের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। হাওর ব্যবস্থা এপ্রিল-মে মাসে সংঘটিত আকস্মিক বন্যার হাত থেকে নিচু প্লাবন সমভূমিকে রক্ষা করে, অন্যান্য নিচু জলাশয়ের মাছের সরবরাহ বজায় রাখে এবং অতিথি ও স্থানীয় জলচর পাখিদের বাসস্থানের যোগান দেয়।

অনুপম হাওর ব্যবস্থা বর্ষা ও শুকনো উভয় ঋতুতে স্থলভাগের দৃশ্যের সৌন্দর্য বর্ধনে অবদান রাখে। বর্ষাকালে এর অপরূপ সৌন্দর্য একে একটি বিশাল প্রাকৃতিক জলাধারে পরিণত করে এবং শুক্নো মৌসুমে এটা বিলের ছোট ছোট অংশসহ একটি বিস্তীর্ণ সবুজ ঘাসজমিতে পরিণত হয় যা অতিথি পাখিদের বিচরণ ক্ষেত্র। এই অপূর্ব প্রাকৃতিক ব্যবস্থা ভ্রমণকারীদের জন্য একটি প্রধান আকর্ষণ হতে পারে।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) Hakaluki Haor has lost its dense swamp forests because of —.

(i) plantation (ii) afforestation (iii) water (iv) deforestation

(b) What does the word ‘virtually’ mean?

(i) practically (ii) gloriously (iii) lately (iv) later

(c) Guess the meaning of the word ‘evergreen’ used in the passage —.

(i) stale (ii) perennial (iii) old (iv) aged

(d) The word ‘landscape’ refers to —.

(i) countryside (ii) foreign (iii) beside sea (iv) water

(e) “The haor is a very important resting place for migratory waterfowls flying from the north.” – What does it imply?

(i) safe place for migratory waterfowls (ii) unsafe place for migratory waterfowls

(iii) danger place for migratory waterfowls (iv) none of the above

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) The word ‘unique’ means —.

(i) common (ii) exceptional (iii) general (iv) usual

(g) Guess the meaning of the word ‘protect’ —.

(i) defend (ii) destruct (iii) defy (iv) decompose

(h) The word ‘lower’ means —.

(i) bottom (ii) raise (iii) increase (iv) rise

(i) The word ‘habitat’ refers to —.

(i) dwelling (ii) breeding (iii) sleeping (iv) coming

(j) “It includes both swamp forest as well as mixed evergreen rain forest. “This line indicates —.

(i) The haor has both swamp forest and rain forest

(ii) The haor has only swamp forest (iii) The haor has only rain forest

(iv) The haor has none of the two forests

(k) Who graze their animals?

(i) villagers (ii) fishermen (iii) shepherds (iv) farmers

(l) “Barheaded Goose are hardly seen in fresh water wetlands.”— In this sentence “hardly” means —.

(i) usually (ii) often (iii) almost (iv) almost not

(m) The haor turns into a huge natural bowl of water in — season.

(i) summer (ii) spring (iii) dry (iv) rainy

(n) The landscape of the Hakaluki Haor looks beautiful in —.

(i) rainy season (ii) dry season (iii) winter season (iv) both (i) and (ii)

(o) Hakaluki Haor is a — for migratory birds.

(i) temporary abode (ii) permanent residence (iii) fixed abode (iv) permanent habitat

(p) Which has been a threat to the waterfowls?

(i) legal poaching (ii) prohibited poaching (iii) formal poaching (iv) legitimate poaching

(q) In winter Hakaluki haor is good for —.

(i) graze (ii) grazing (iii) grazed (iv) all of the above

(r) The closest meaning of the word “dense” is —.

(i) lucid (ii) thick (iii) clean (iv) dirty

(s) The word “graze” means —.

(i) wander (ii) leave (iii) tour (iv) travel

(t) The word “poaching” means —.

(i) interfere (ii) occupy (iii) bother (iv) neglect

(u) The word “illegal” refers to —.

(i) judicial (ii) legitimate (iii) prohibited (iv) legal

(v) The word ‘destroy’ refers to —.

(i) build (ii) save (iii) construct (iv) devastate

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) What bird species are seen in Hakaluki Haor in winter?

(b) What economic benefits does the haor provide for the locals?

(c) Describe the natural beauty of Hakaluki Haor.

(d) Why do the people of distant areas make shelters there?

(e) How is the haor unique in terms of beauty?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What does happen in the haor in winter?

(g) What do you know about waterfowls?

(h) What is the reason behind destruction of the swamp forest?

(i) Where are the two swamp forests that still exist?

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the natural beauty of Hakaluki Haor. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Having a rich hub of biodiversity → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the various sides of Hakaluki Haor. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Providing shelter for birds → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

and information having offspring health

all family heard continued to

After marriage, Shilpi joined a local empowerment group. The group provides adolescent girls with (a) –– regarding early marriage and pregnancy. Shilpi (b) –– about the risks. She invited Rashid (c) –– discuss pregnancy with a counselor. Hearing (d) –– those matters, Rashid agreed to delay (e) –– children for five years. His parents (f) –– neighbours pressurized them to produce an (g) ––. The couple met with a female (h) –– care provider, who informed them of (i) –– planning. Shilpi’s mother in-law and neighbours (j) –– to pressurize the newlywed’s couple. Cultural practices and traditions caused a rift between Shilpi and Rashid.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Craftwork has a great appeal to the people of all walks of life. It is called (a) –– object because it keeps with the changing tastes and (b) ––. But certain forms, shapes, styles and aesthetic preferences change (c) –– over time. Mechanical and mass production have a very (d) –– impact on handmade crafts. Though mechanically produced products are (e) –– goods but they do not have of their aesthetic (f) ––. Handmade crafts have to compete on price and design (g) –– modern mechanical products. To revive handmade crafts, crafts men (h) –– be trained better. Government should help them financially. Great (i) –– work should be done to catch the attraction of (j) –– international buyers.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 10

(a) Power conflict occurs when the parties involved intend to maximize what influence they have in social setting.

(b) Intergroup conflict happens between individuals within a team.

(c) Value conflict concerns with varied ideologies.

(d) And intergroup conflict takes place when a misunderstanding arises among teams within an organization.

(e) According to an American psychologist, conflicts are basically of three types.

(f) Interpersonal conflict is between two individuals.

(g) Economic conflict deals with the resources available in a society or the world.

(h) Conflicts are also classified into four other types.

(i) It is a type of psychological problem.

(j) Intrapersonal conflict occurs within an individual.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Globalization” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What is globalization? (b) What is the impact of technological development? (c) What changes have been brought in the media world? (d) How can we hope for a better world?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

Asad is a first year college student. He studies at a government college. He walks to college everybody. One day while he was going to college…………………

9. Suppose, you are Rupa and your younger brother is Tahsin. Now, write an email to your younger brother advising him to be punctual and sincere to studies. 5

10. Look at the chart. It shows the percentage of types of transportation used by 800 students to come to college. Now analyze the chart focusing the main aspects (At least in 80 words). 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

When you are old and grey and full of sleep,

And nodding by the fire, take down this book,

And slowly read, and dream of the soft look

Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;

How many loved your moments of glad grace,

And loved your beauty with love false or true,

But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,

And loved the sorrows of your changing face; And bending down beside the glowing bars,

Murmur, a little sadly how Love fled

And paced upon the mountains overhead

And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.

Bangladesh is blessed with huge inland open water resources. It has numerous river canals, beels, lakes, and vast areas of floodplains. Hakaluki Haor is one of the major wetlands of Bangladesh. With a land area of 18,386 hectares, it supports a rich biodiversity and provides direct and indirect livelihood benefits to nearly 190,000 people. This haor was declared an Ecologically Critical Area in April 1999 by the government of Bangladesh.

Hakaluki is a complex ecosystem, containing more than 238 interconnecting beels and jalmahals. The most important beels are Chatla, Pinlarkona, Dulla, Sakua, Barajalla, Balijhuri, Lamba, Tekonia, Haorkhal, Tural, Baghalkuri and Chinaura.

Hakaluki Haor is bounded by the Kushiara river as well as a part of the Sonai-Bardal river to the north, by the Fenchuganj-Kulaura railway to the west and to the south, and by the Kulaura-Beanibazar road to the east. The haor falls under two administrative districts, Maulvibazar and Sylhet. Some 190,000 people live in the area surrounding the haor.

Hakaluki Haor is an important source of fisheries resources for Bangladesh. Kalibaus, Boal, Rui, Ghagot, Pabda and Chapila are the main fish species found here. From the Kushiara there are frequent upstream movement of fish towards the beels and tributaries of Hakaluki. The beels in Hakaluki Haor provide winter shelter for the mother fisheries. In early monsoon these mother fisheries produce millions of fries for the entire downstream fishing communities. Floodplains are also an important source of fisheries resources within the area. However, many of the beels have lost their capacity to provide shelter for mother fisheries because of sand deposits from upstream rivers and canals, use of complete dewatering technique for fishing and lack of aquatic plants to provide feed and shelter for parent fish…………….

[Unit-8; Lesson-2]

[Lutfor Rahman Matin Mohila Degree College, Tangail- ’16; Cantonment Public School & College, BUSMS, Dinajpur- ’16; Sonar Bangla College, Comilla- ’16 Chittagong College- ’16; Blue Bird College, Sylhet- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

বাংলাদেশ বিস্তীর্ণ অন্তর্দেশীয় উন্মুক্ত পানি সম্পদে আশীর্বাদপুষ্ট। এর অসংখ্য নদী, খাল, বিল, হ্রদ এবং বিস্তীর্ণ বন্যা প্লাবন এলাকা আছে। হাকালুকি হাওর বাংলাদেশের প্রধান আর্দ্র ভূমিগুলোর অন্যতম। ১৮,৩৮৬ হেক্টর জায়গা জুড়ে এটা একটি সমৃদ্ধ জীববৈচিত্রকে ধারণ করে এবং প্রায় ১৯০,০০০ লোকের প্রত্যক্ষ বা পরোক্ষ জীবিকার সুযোগ দান করে। বাংলাদেশ সরকার ১৯৯৯ সালের এপ্রিলে এই হাওরকে পরিবেশ দূষণ সংক্রান্ত সংকটপূর্ণ অঞ্চল হিসেবে ঘোষণা দিয়েছিলেন।

হাকালুকি ২৩৮টিরও বেশি পরস্পর সংযোগকারী বিল ও জলমহল এর সমন্বয়ে গঠিত একটি জটিল বাস্তব্যবিদ্যা সংস্থান। সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিলগুলো হচ্ছে চাতলা, পিন্লারকোনা, দুল্লা, সাকুয়া, বড়জালা, বালিঝুড়ি, লাম্বা, টেকনিয়া, হাওরখাল, তুরাল, বাঘালকুড়ি এবং চিনাউড়া।

হাকালুকি হাওর উত্তর দিকে কুশিয়ারা নদী ও সোনাই-বড়দালনদী দ্বারা, পশ্চিম ও দক্ষিণ দিকে ফেঞ্চুগঞ্জ- কুলাউড়া রেলপথ দ্বারা এবং পূর্বদিকে কুলাউড়া বিয়ানীবাজার সড়ক দ্বারা বেষ্টিত। হাওরটি মৌলভীবাজার ও সিলেট এই দুইটি প্রশাসনিক জেলায় অবস্থিত। হাওরের চারিদিকে প্রায় ১,৯০,০০০ জন লোক বাস করে।

হাকালুকি হাওর বাংলাদেশের মৎস্য সম্পদের এক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উৎস। এখানে কালিবাউস, বোয়াল, রুই, ঘাগট, পাবদা এবং চাপিলা প্রভৃতি প্রধান মৎস্য প্রজাতি পাওয়া যায়। কুশিয়ারা হতে হাকালুকির বিল ও শাখাগুলোর উজানের দিকে মাছের ঘন ঘন চলাচল আছে। হাকালুকি হাওরের বিলগুলো শীতকালে মা মৎস্যদের আশ্রয়ের ব্যবস্থা করে। বর্ষার প্রথমদিকে এ সমস্ত মা মাছ ভাটির মৎস্যজীবি সম্প্রদায়ের জন্য লক্ষ লক্ষ মাছের পোনা উৎপাদন করে। প্লাবন সমতল ভূমিগুলোও এ অঞ্চলের মধ্যে মৎস্য সম্পদের এক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উৎস। যা হোক উজানের নদী ও খালগুলো হতে আসা বালির স্তর, মাছ ধরার জন্য সম্পূর্ণ পানি শুকানোর কলাকৌশলের ব্যবহার এবং মা মাছের খাবার ও আশ্রয়ের জন্য জলজ উদ্ভিদের অভাবের কারণে বিলগুলোর অনেকগুলোই মা মাছের আশ্রয় দেয়ার ক্ষমতা হারিয়ে ফেলেছে।………………

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) “Bangladesh is blessed with” refers to–

(i) Bangladesh is a blessing (ii) Bangladesh is lucky to have

(iii) Bangladesh is beset with (iv) Bangladesh is a beauty

(b) The best synonym of “tributaries” is–

(i) Tribute (ii) Branches (iii) Water (iv) Flood

(c) “Livelihood” could be best replaced by–

(i) Way of life (ii) stage after adulthood

(iii) Source of life (iv) Source of income

(d) The word “numerous” stands for–

(i) namely (ii) numberless (iii) many (iv) numbered

(e) What does Hakaluki Hoar provide to nearly 1,90,000 people?

(i) A good communication benefit ii) Livelihood benefit

(iii) Irrigation facility (iv) Safe water

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What is the meaning of the word ‘aquatic’?

(i) terrestrial (ii) small (iii) big (iv) water-born

(g) The word ‘source’ means —.

(i) origin (ii) sink (iii) submerge (iv) merge

(h) Mother fisheries produce millions of fries during —.

(i) late monsoon (ii) early monsoon (iii) pre-monsoon (iv) post-monsoon

(i) About — people live in the area surrounding the haor.

(i) 18,386 (ii) 1,90,000 (iii) 1999 (iv) 238

(j) The ecosystem of Hakaluki is —.

(i) facile (ii) ordinary (iii) intricate (iv) shrewd

(k) Haorkhal is a —.

(i) jalmahal (ii) khal (iii) beel (iv) haor

(l) The word ‘complex’ refers to —.

(i) simple (ii) facile (iii) tangled (iv) ordinary

(m) What does the word ‘inland’ mean?

(i) internal (ii) some (iii) little (iv) any

(n) Hakaluki Haor is located in —.

(i) Sylhet and Hobigonj (ii) Maulvibazar and Sunamganj

(iii) Sylhet and Maulvibazar (iv) Sunamgonj and Hobiganj

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) Why is Hakaluki Haor an important source of fisheries?

(b) Can you mention the surrounding area of Hakaluki Haor?

(c) Why have many of the beels lost their capacity to provide shelter for mother fisheries?

(d) “This Haor is an ecologically critical area”– Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons.

(e) What are floodplains and how are they protected from flashflood?

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What are ‘mother fisheries’? What do they do?

(g) What do mother fisheries do?

(h) What is the economic importance of Hakaluki Haor?

(i) Where does Hakaluki Haor belong to?

(j) When and by whom was Hakaluki Haor declared an Ecologically Critical Area?

(k) How many beels and jalmahals do interconnect Hakaluki? Name some of them.

(l) Give a description of geographical area of Hakaluki.

(m) What are the main fish species found here?

Answer (B):

2. (i) Read the above text and make a flow chart describing some names of the beels which are in Hakaluki haor. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Chatla → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

❤ Extra Questions:

(ii) Read the above text and make a flow chart describing Hakaluki Haor. (One has been done for you.) 2´5=10

1. A complex ecosystem → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Or, Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information. 1 × 10 = 10

What/ Who Event/Activity Place/ Whom Time/ Amount

Hakaluki Haor major wetlands (i) ………. (ii) ……….

Hakaluki Haor was declared an Ecologically Critical Area (iii) ……….

live (iv) ………. 190,000 people

(v) ………. produce million of fries (vi) ……….

Herders (vii) ………. near the beels (viii) ……….

Hakaluki Haor had dense swamp (ix) ……….

(x) ………. destroyed swamp forest last two decades

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

enjoy peace one lot bring be

thatched money relative coin crown vary

Everyone runs after happiness. Happiness is a (a) — term. A person with a (b) — living in a palace may not (c) — happy. A day labourer may (d) — happiness living in a (e) — hut. Again happiness (f) — from person to person. (g) — may be happy finding a (h) —. A businessman may be happy getting (i) — of money. Complete happiness or (j) — of mind is a blessing of Allah.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Jagadish Chandra Bose is a great scientist of Bengal. The birth place of Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (a) — Bikrampur. After (b) — his Bachelor degree (c) — the University of Calcutta, he (d) — to London to complete his B.Sc. He (e) — Presidency College as an Assistant Professor of Physics (f) — returning from London. He was the first man to (g) — that plants have feelings (h) — humans. He wrote a book on the (i) — of life in trees. He proved it. This discovery (j) — him much fame.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 1☓10 = 10

(a) Next moon he lit up a lamp and the villagers thought that the story teller had got his power back.

(b) The audience rose without a word.

(c) Seeing the light, the villagers could know that the story teller was ready with a story.

(d) The villagers gathered under the banyan tree when they saw the light.

(e) The villagers were surprised and remained silent.

(f) But Nambi said that he had lost the power to make up stories.

(g) A new moon rose over the hillock and the old man lighted a lamp in the niche of the tree.

(h) His efforts to restart the story failed.

(i) Nambi tried to have a fresh beginning.

(j) He started, “When Vikramadittya was the king— but paused and could not continue.”

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on any one of the following. 10

(a) Good Health (b) Your Homeland

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it with your own words, give a title of it. 7

There was an old farmer. He had four sons, They were all grown up. But they had no good relation with one another. They were disobedient and always quarrelled ………………

9. Suppose, you are Sopna of Dhamrai, Dhaka. Now, write a letter to your friend telling him about how you have prepared yourself for the ensuing HSC Examination. 5

10. The chart below shows the benefits of girl’s education. Describe the chart in 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the chart. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

Blow, blow, thou winter wind,

Thou arn’t not so unkind

As man’s ingratitude,

Thy tooth is not so keen,

Although thy breath be rude.

Heigh-ho! sing heigh-ho! unto the green holly!

Most friendship is feigning, more loving mere folly.

Then heigh-ho! the holly This life is not jolly.

Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky,

That dost not bite so night

As benefits forgot;

Thought thou the waters warp,

thy sting is not so sharp

As friend remembered not.

…………..One of the sources of water in our country are the rivers. Rivers are everywhere in our life, literature, economy and culture. But are the rivers in good shape? Unfortunately, they are not. A few are already dead and several are going through the pangs of death. The river Buriganga is an example of a dying river. A report published in the Daily Sun describes what has happened to the river Buriganga and why. Its water is polluted and a perpetual stench fills the air around it. But that is not what it was like before.

The report says that the river had a glorious past. Once it was a tributary of the mighty Ganges and flowed into the Bay of Bengal through the river Dhaleshwari. Gradually, it lost its link with the Ganges and got the name Buriganga. The Mughals marveled at the tide level of the Buriganga and founded their capital Jahangirnagar on its banks in 1610. The river supplied drinking water and supported trade and commerce. Jahangirnagar was renamed Dhaka which grew into a heavily populated city with a chronic shortage of space.

The city paid back the bounty of the river by sucking life out of it! According to newspaper report, the Buriganga is dying because of pollution. Huge quantities of toxic chemicals and wastes from mills and factories, hospitals and clinics and households and other establishments are dumped into the river every day. The city of Dhaka discharges about 4500 tons of solid waste every day and most of it is directly released into the Buriganga. According to the Department of the Environment (DoE), 20,000 tons of tannery waste, including some highly toxic materials, are released into the river every day. Experts identified nine industrial areas in and around the capital city as the primary sources of river pollution: Tongi, Tejgaon, Hazaribagh, Tarabo, Narayanganj, Savar, Gazipur, Dhaka Export Processing Zone and Ghorashal.

The river would need a monster’s stomach to digest all the wastes mentioned above. There is a limit up to which it can put up with its cruel and thoughtless treatment. We the humans have successfully killed one of our rivers. There are other rivers in the country that are being subjected to similar thoughtless treatment. Unless we take care of our rivers there may come a time when we will cry ‘water, water’ and find it nowhere.

[Unit-8; Lesson-1]

[DB ’17; JB ’17; BB ’17; Rajshahi Cadet College- ’16; Shamsul Hoque Khan School & College, Dhaka- ’16; Cox’s Bazar Govt. College- ’16; Dinajpur Govt. Women’s College- ’16; Dania University College, Dhaka- ’16]

বাংলা অনুবাদঃ

……………..আমাদের দেশের পানির অন্যতম উৎস হচ্ছে নদী। নদী আমাদের জীবন, সাহিত্য, অর্থনীতি এবং সংস্কৃতির সর্বত্রই বিরাজমান। কিন্তু নদীগুলো কি ভালো অবস্থায়/ আকৃতিতে আছে? দুর্ভাগ্যবশত তা নেই। কিছু নদী ইতোমধ্যে মৃত এবং অনেক নদী মৃত্যু যন্ত্রণার মধ্য দিয়ে চলছে। বুড়িগঙ্গা নদী একটা মৃত প্রায় নদীর উদাহরণ। ডেইলি সান পত্রিকায় প্রকাশিত এক প্রতিবেদনে বুড়িগঙ্গা নদীর এমন দশা কেন হয়েছে তার বর্ণনা দিয়েছে। এর পানি দূষিত এবং একটা অন্তহীন দুর্গন্ধে এর চারিদিকের বাতাসপূর্ণ। কিন্তু এটা আগে যেমন ছিল তার মত নয়।

প্রতিবেদনে বলা হয়েছে যে নদীটির একটি গৌরবময় অতীত ছিল। একসময় এটা প্রমত্তা গঙ্গার শাখানদী ছিল এবং ধলেশ্বরী নদীর মাধ্যমে বঙ্গোপসাগরে প্রবাহিত হত। ধীরে ধীরে এটা গঙ্গানদীর সংগে সংযোগ হারিয়ে ফেলে এবং বুড়িগঙ্গা নাম ধারণ করে। মুঘলরা বুড়িগঙ্গার জোয়ার ভাটার উচ্চতায় বিস্মিত হতেন এবং ১৬১০ সালে তারা এর তীরে তাদের রাজধানী জাহাঙ্গীরনগর প্রতিষ্ঠা করেন। নদীটি পানীয় জল সরবরাহ এবং ব্যবসা বাণিজ্যে সহায়তা করত। জাহাঙ্গীরনগরের পুনঃনামকরণ ঢাকা করা হয়েছিল যা তীব্র স্থানাভাবে মারাত্মক জনবহুল নগরীতে পরিণত হয়েছে।

নদীটির জীবন শোষণ করে নগরী তার প্রাচুর্যের ঋণ পরিশোধ করেছে! সংবাদপত্রের প্রতিবেদন অনুযায়ী, দূষণের কারণে বুড়িগঙ্গা মরে যাচ্ছে। বিশাল পরিমাণে বিষাক্ত রাসায়নিক দ্রব্যাদি এবং কল-কারখানা, হাসপাতাল, ক্লিনিক, ঘরবাড়ি ও অন্যান্য স্থাপনা হতে বর্জ্য পদার্থ প্রত্যেকদিন নদীতে ফেলা হয়। ঢাকা শহর প্রত্যেকদিন প্রায় ৪৫০০ টন কঠিন বর্জ্য ত্যাগ করে এবং এর অধিকাংশই সরাসরি বুড়িগঙ্গা নদীতে ফেলা হয়। পরিবেশ অধিদপ্তরের মতে, কিছু অতি মাত্রায় বিষাক্ত পদার্থসহ ২০,০০০ টন ট্যানারি বর্জ্য প্রত্যেকদিন নদীতে ফেলা হয়। বিশেষজ্ঞগণ রাজধানীর ভিতরে ও আশেপাশের টঙ্গী, তেজগাঁও, হাজারিবাগ, তারাব, নারায়ণগঞ্জ, সাভার, গাজীপুর, ঢাকা রপ্তানী প্রক্রিয়াজাত অঞ্চল এবং ঘোড়াশালকে নদী দূষণের প্রাথমিক উৎস হিসেবে চিহ্নিত করেছেন।

উপরে উল্লেখিত সমস্ত বর্জ্য হজম করতে নদীটির একটা দৈত্যের পাকস্থলি প্রয়োজন হবে। এটা এই নিষ্ঠুর ও বিবেচনাহীন আচরণ কতটুকু সহ্য করতে পারে তার একটা সীমা আছে। আমরা মানুষেরাই সফলভাবে আমাদের একটি নদীকে মেরে ফেলেছি। দেশে অন্যান্য নদীগুলোও অনুরূপ বিবেচনাহীন আচরনের শিকার হতে যাচ্ছে। যদি আমরা আমদের নদীগুলোর যত্ন না নেই তাহলে একটা সময় আসবে যখন আমরা পানি, পানি বলে চিৎকার করব কিন্তু কোথাও পানি পাব না।

A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5

(a) The word ‘tributary’ refers to —. [DB ’17]

(i) fountain (ii) territory (iii) stream (iv) kingdom

(b) The Buriganga water fills the air with —. [DB ’17]

(i) aroma (ii) fragrance (iii) stink (iv) scent

(c) — founded their capital on the bank of the Buriganga. [DB ’17]

(i) The British (ii) The Mughals (iii) The Indians (iv) The Bangladeshi

(d) Which of the following statements is false? [DB ’17]

(i) Buriganga is a river (ii) Our rivers are not in a good shape

(iii) Jahangirnagar was once called Dhaka (iv) Water is being contaminated

(e) The best synonym of ‘toxic’ is —. [DB ’17]

(i) Poisonous (ii) Hygienic (iii) Healthy (iv) Useful

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) What could be the closest meaning for ‘shape’? [JB ’17]

(i) Condition (ii) Form (iii) Model (iv) Body

(g) Which one of the following statements is false? [JB ’17]

(i) The rivers are the only sources of water in our country.

(ii) The tide-level of the Buriganga was surprising.

(iii) It was connected with the river Dhaleshwari.

(iv) The humans are responsible for pollution.

(h) How are the rivers related to ‘literature’? They are related to “literature’ as they —. [JB ’17]

(i) are being polluted

(ii) are a very important water source

(iii) can inspire the poets, novelists, etc.

(iv) constitute two-thirds of our country

(i) Buriganga is on deathbed due to —. [JB ’17]

(i) water vehicles (ii) pollutions

(iii) the Mughals (iv) the report published in the newspaper

(j) The Buriganga — the Ganges. [JB ’17]

(i) has a link with (ii) has nothing to do with

(iii) was a branch of (iv) was once called

(k) The word ‘tributary’ mentioned in the passage means. [BB ’17]

(i) rivulet (ii) lake (iii) pond (iv) estuary

(l) The word ‘marvelled’ mentioned in the passage means. [BB ’17]

(i) offended (ii) grief-stricken (iii) overwhelmed (iv) hurt

(m) The word ‘toxic’ mentioned in the passage means. [BB ’17]

(i) tasty (ii) healthy (iii) moderate (iv) poisonous

(n) How did Dhaka city pay back the bounty of the river? [BB ’17]

(i) By cleaning the river (ii) By polluting the river

(iii) By purifying its water (iv) By making it glorious

(o) The word ‘identified’ in the passage means. [BB ’17]

(i) excluded (ii) traced out (iii) carried out (iv) teased

(p) Water of the river Buriganga is —.

(i) fresh (ii) polluted (iii) clean (iv) safe

(q) The word in the passage ‘discharge’ means —.

(i) include (ii) attach (iii) release (iv) fill

(r) What do you understand by “dying river”?

(i) the river which is dead (ii) the river which is endangered

(iii) the river which is alive (iv) all of the above statements

(s) Buriganga river’s past was —.

(i) splendid (ii) stigmatic (iii) disgraceful (iv) majestic

(t) Which are mostly responsible for river pollution?

(i) residential area (ii) commercial area

(iii) non-residential area (iv) manufacturing area

(u) Which are the industrial area from the following?

(i) Tarabo, Tongi, Mohakhali (ii) Uttara, Savar, Tongi

(iii) Dhaka EPZ, Tongi, Narayagonj (iv) Both (i) and (iii)

(v) The Dhaka city discharges solid waste —.

(i) constantly (ii) occasionally (iii) rarely (iv) seldom

(w) The Dhaka city discharges — of solid waste everyday.

(i) 4500 kg (ii) 4500 tons (iii) 20,000 tons (iv) 20,000 kg

(x) Our treatment towards the rivers is —.

(i) cruel (ii) thoughtless (iii) soft (iv) both (i) and (ii)

(y) — throw toxic chemicals and wastes into the rivers.

(i) Schools and colleges (ii) Colleges and factories

(iii) Factories and mills (iv) Schools and factories

(z) In the passage “commerce” refers to —.

(i) business studies (ii) business (iii) market (iv) traffic

(aa) Which word is close to “bounty”?

(i) benevolence (ii) adversity (iii) malevolence (iv) charity

(bb) The word “chronic” is used in the passage as —.

(i) incurable (ii) curable (iii) acute (iv) much

(cc) “Tannery” is related to —.

(i) river (ii) chemical (iii) skin (iv) water

(dd) The word “thoughtless” refers to —.

(i) negligence (ii) unwise (iii) careful (iv) heedful

(ee) The word ‘toxic’ refers to —.

(i) venom (ii) antidote (iii) preventive (iv) veto

(ff) In the passage ‘stench’ means —.

(i) perfume (ii) niff (iii) aroma (iv) scent

(gg) “Jahangirnagar was renamed Dhaka ….”. What does it indicate?

(i) previous name of Dhaka (ii) previous name of Jahangirnagar

(iii) past name of Dhaka (iv) all of the above

Answer (A):

B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10

(a) What do you think is the condition of the rivers of our country? [DB ’17]

(b) What is the commercial value of the river Buriganga? [DB ’17]

(c) Why is the Buriganga described as an example of a dying river? Give reasons for your answer.

[DB ’17]

(d) How is the Buriganga polluted? [DB ’17]

(e) What did the Mughals marvel at? What was the outcome of it? [DB ’17]

❤ Extra Questions:

(f) Do you think rivers attract people to urbanization? How? [JB ’17]

(g) In what sense rivers are going through the pangs of death? [JB ’17]

(h) What should we do to bring back the glorious past of the rivers? [JB ’17]

(i) Do you think industrialization is responsible for river pollution? [JB ’17]

(j) We, the people are responsible for the catastrophe of our rivers. Do you agree? Why/why not?

[JB ’17]

(k) According to the passage, what happened in the year 1610 ? [BB ’17]

(l) What, according to the experts, are the primary sources of river pollution in and around Dhaka city? [BB ’17]

(m) What amount of solid waste is produced in Dhaka city and where does it go? [BB ’17]

(n) What does DoE say? [BB ’17]

(o) What may happen if we do not take care of our rivers? [BB ’17]

(p) Describe the present condition of the river Buriganga.

(q) How did Buriganga get its name?

(r) What do the experts identify as the primary sources of river pollution?

(s) What will happen if we do not take care of our rivers?

(t) Describe some measures to save our rivers.

Answer (B):

2. Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the past and present condition of the river Buriganga. (One has been done for you.) 2☓5 = 10

1. Having a glorious past → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Answer (2):

3. Write a summary of the above text. 10

Answer (3):

4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable word from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical change if necessary. 0.5☓10 = 5

bride even uninformed must always house

it birth parents maternal to dowry

After marriage, a girl usually drops out of school. She begins to work in in-laws’ (a) ––where she is marginalized. In Bangladesh, (b) ––is still prevalent. This dowry demand (c) ––continues after wedding and the bride’s (d) ––have to pay dowry or she (e) ––suffer indescribable torture. She becomes victim (f) ––all forms of abuse. An adolescent (g) ––has risks during pregnancy and child (h) ––. Most brides and their relatives are (i) ––of reproductive health and contraception. The (j) ––mortality rate for adolescents is threatening.

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1☓10 = 10

Craftwork is an applied form of art. There are (a) ––kinds of craftworks such as wood craft, (b) ––, pottery, embroidery and etc. Wood craft is (c) ––artistic work which is designed on wood (d) ––made by woods. It includes all kinds (e) ––designs, statues, shapes etc. Many people in (f) ––country are engaged in producing wooden goods. (g) ––products are made for both aesthetic beauty (h) ––practical use. This artistic work is a (i) ––of our social and cultural heritage. In (j) ––spheres of our life, we use these products.

6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order. 10

(a) The another name of Kuakata is Sagar Kannya.

(b) It is also a holy place for the Hindus and Buddhists.

(c) Above all, tourists are so much attracted visiting Kuakata.

(d) It is a place of scenic natural beauty.

(e) It has sandy beaches, blue sky and the Shimmering expanse of the Bay of Bengal.

(f) Thousands of devotees come here to celebrate two festivals.

(g) The lines of coconut trees add to the vibrant colours of Kuakata.

(h) It is a safe home of migratory winter birds.

(i) The indigenous culture of the Rakhaine community and hundred year old Buddhist temples indicate the age-old tradition and cultural heritage of this area.

(j) Fishing boats with colourful sails ply in the Bay of Bengal.

Part-II: Writing Test (40 Marks)

7. Write a paragraph on “Dream” in about 200 words based on the answers to the following questions. 10

(a) What is dream? (b) How many types of dreams are there in our life? (c) Which dream is dangerous? (d) What are the benefits of dreaming? (e) Do you have any dream in life?

8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 7

It was twenty years ago when I was living in an apartment overlooking a cemetery. I was just living from hand to mouth. At that time a lady wrote a letter to me…………….

9. Write an e-mail to a friend describing how you celebrated the previous Pohela Baishakh. 5

10. The chart/graph below shows the gradual rise in the internet users in Bangladesh. Now, write a paragraph analyzing the graph and give a suitable title to it. 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 8

O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn’s being,

Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves dead

Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,

Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,

Pestilence-stricken multitudes; O thou,

Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed

The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low. Each like a corpse within its grave, until

Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow

Her clarion o’er the dreaming earth, and fill

(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)

With living hues and odours plain and hill;

Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;

Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh, hear!